Approved Arts and Humanities courses listed in the 2006-2008
Indiana University College of Arts and Sciences Academic Bulletin

African American and African Diaspora Studies

A112 Black Music of Two Worlds (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Comparative study of black musics in West Africa, South America, the Caribbean, and the United States. Emphasis on interrelationships between musical forms, performance practices, ritual traditions, and aesthetics.

A141-A142 Introduction to Writing and the Study of Black Literature I-II (4-4 cr.) A & H P for A142: A141. Composition and literature courses that teach the skills of writing. Structuring of ideas through analysis and practice of various techniques of paragraph and essay development. Reading and discussion of representative Afro-American writings, including poetry, short stories, sermons, novels, and drama. A141-A142 fulfill fundamental skills requirement; do not count toward major.

A150 Survey of the Culture of Black Americans (3 cr.) A & H, CSA, TFR The culture of blacks in America viewed from a broad interdisciplinary approach, employing resources from history, literature, folklore, religion, sociology, and political science. Required for the major.

A169 Introduction to Afro-American Literature (3#cr.) A & H, CSA Representative Afro-American writings including poetry, short story, sermons, novel, drama.

A249 Afro-American Autobiography (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of autobiographies written by black Americans in the last two centuries. The course emphasizes how the autobiographers combine the grace of art and the power of argument to urge the creation of genuine freedom in America.

A277 Images of Blacks in Films: 1903-1950s (3 cr.) A & H, CSA IImages of blacks in films, mainly American, from before The Birth of a Nation (1915) to the 1950s. Course will include segments as well as complete feature films (also "race films" when available), shorts, cartoons, and documentaries viewed in historical perspective.

A278 Contemporary Black Film (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Problems raised by proliferation of films acted, authored, directed and/or produced by blacks. Exploration of legitimacy of "black film aesthetic" and its reception by various segments of the black community.

A290 Sociocultural Perspective of Afro-American Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of cultural, social, and political attitudes that influenced blacks in the development of and participation in blues, jazz, urban black popular music, and "classical" music.

A350 Black Atlantic (3 cr.) A & H, CSA This course is an interdisciplinary and comparative study of historical, cultural, and political issues related to Africa and the African diaspora (the Americas and Europe). Emphasis will also be on team-teaching using IUB faculty. Course will be of interest to students in all university departments and schools.

A352 Afro-American Art II: Afro-American Artists (3 cr.) A & H, CSA R: A351. A survey of the artistic traditions of the African in the New World, from the period of slavery in North and South America through contemporary Afro-American and expatriate black American artists.

A359 Ethnic/Racial Stereotypes in American Film (3 cr.) A & H A study in cross-cultural stereotyping as evidenced in the film medium. Analysis of native American, Asian, black, Hispanic, and Jewish groups. Features, shorts, and animations screened to illustrate the "classic" stereotypes of each group and to demonstrate their impact on American society.

A379 Early Black American Writing (3 cr.) A & H, CSA AAfro-American writing before World War II, with emphasis on critical reactions and analyses. Includes slave narratives, autobiographies, rhetoric, fiction, and poetry.

A380 Contemporary Black American Writing (3 cr.) A & H, CSA R: A379. The black experience in America as it has been reflected since World War II in the works of outstanding Afro-American writers: fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and drama.

A383 Blacks in American Drama and Theatre, 1767-1945 (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Images of blacks as reflected in American drama from 1767 to 1945. Selected dramas of both white and black playwrights, such as Isaac Bickerstaffe, William Wells Brown, Eugene O'Neill, and Richard Wright, who depicted blacks on the stage.

A384 Blacks in American Drama and Theatre, 1945-Present (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Images of blacks as reflected in American drama from 1945 to the present. Emphasis on the contributions of black playwrights such as Lorraine Hansberry, Langston Hughes, Imamu Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones), Ted Shine, and Ed Bullins.A385 Seminar in Black Theatre (3 cr.)

A385 Seminar in Black Theatre (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: T120; or one of A379, A380, A383, A384; or consent of instructor. Contributions of blacks to the theatre in America. Reading and discussion of selected dramas and critiques with opportunities for involvement in the oral interpretation of one or more of the plays.

A389 Motown (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A comprehensive survey of the development of Motown Record Corporation, with emphasis on its Detroit era, 1959-1972. The course will explore issues related to the people, music, creative processes, management practices, events, media, technology, and sociocultural factors that contributed to the identity of Motown as an artistic, commercial, and cultural phenomenon.

A392 Afro-American Folklore (3 cr.) A & H, CSA AAfro-American culture in the United States viewed in terms of history (antebellum to present) and social change (rural to urban). Use of oral traditions and life histories to explore aspects of black culture and history. Credit not given for both A392 and FOLK F354.

A393 (MUS M393/Z393) History of Jazz (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Periods, major performers and composers, trends, influences, stylistic features, and related materials. Credit not given for both A393 and M393.

A394 (MUS M394) Black Music in America (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of black music from its African origin to the present with special emphasis on its social, economic, and political implications. Credit not given for both A394 and M394.

A395 (MUS M395/Z395) Contemporary Jazz and Soul Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Consent of instructor. A survey of contemporary jazz and soul (rhythm and blues) music and musicians in the United States. Credit not given for both A395 and M395.

A396 (MUS M396) Art Music of Black Composers (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A study of black music and musicians in the United States with emphasis on the black composer in contemporary music. Credit not given for both A396 and M396.A397 (MUS M397) Popular Music of Black America (3 cr.)

A397 (MUS M397) Popular Music of Black America (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A sociocultural and musical analysis of urban black popular music, its performers, producers, and composers from the 1940s to 1980: rhythm and blues, rock 'n' roll, soul, ballads, funk, disco, and rap. Credit not given for both A397 and MUS M397.

A430 The Cinema of Africana Women (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Historical and critical overview of films produced by African American women from the 1940s to the present. The course emphasizes how black women filmmakers combine their creative abilities with a desire to capture dominant issues which impact upon black women's lives in America.

A479 Contemporary Black Poetry (3 cr.) A & H An examination of black poetry from Dunbar to the present, emphasizing the emergence, growth, and development of black consciousness as a positive ethnic identification.

A480 The Black Novel (3 cr.) A & H, CSA R: A379 or A380. Analysis of the Afro-American novel from the Harlem Renaissance to the present: genesis, development, and current trends. Emphasis on traditions arising out of the black experience and on critical perspectives developed by black critics and scholars.A485 Lorraine Hansberry: Black Dramatist (3)

A485 Lorraine Hansberry: Black Dramatist (3 cr.) A & H, CSA In-depth study of Lorraine Hansberry's life and works with emphasis on her dramas and her essays on the theatre and the society she knew.

A489 Rap Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Junior or senior standing. Examines rap music as an artistic and sociological phenomenon with emphasis on its historical and political contexts. Discussions include the appropriation of these forms by the music industry and the controversies resulting from their exploitation as an entertainment commodity for mass consumption.

A496 Black Religious Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An in-depth investigation of Negro spirituals and gospel music, with some treatment of the traditions of liningout and shapenote singing. Examination of genres will address and integrate both the musical and the sociocultural perspectives.

American Studies

A200 Comparative American Identities (3 cr.) A & H Examines the formation of legal, social, cultural, and economic identities within the United States and within U.S.-controlled territories. Who counts as "American?" To what ends have citizens and non-citizens assumed, claimed, or refused "American" identity? This course employs a comparative frame in considering elite and subordinated classes (and/or genders, races, ethnicities, sexualities); institutional and countercultural forms of self-definition; official history and alternative acts of collective memory.

A201 U.S. Movements and Institutions (3 cr.) A & H Interdisciplinary approaches to a social movement, an institutional structure, or an otherwise clearly delimited arena of social regulation and public activity. Constructing, deconstructing, reconstructing an object of social study. Recent topics have included the American City, Sociologies of Consumption, Philanthropy, and the Politics of Voluntarism. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

A202 U.S. Arts and Media (3 cr.) A & H Interdisciplinary approaches to a cultural genre (e.g., science fiction, pop art, jazz), discourse (e.g., individualism, family values, globalization) or medium (e.g., comics, television, the Internet). Constructing, deconstructing, reconstructing an object of cultural study. Recent topics have included Images of the Body, Jazz and Cultural Hierarchy, and Youth Cultures. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

A298 Special Topics in Arts and Humanities for American Studies (3 cr.) A & H Study and analysis of a single, closely-focused American Studies topic within arts and humanities. Topics vary from semester to semester. Focuses on the refinement of students' skills in writing, interdisciplinary interpretation, analytical reasoning, discussion, and research related to the study of fine arts, literature, film, and popular culture. May be repeated with a different topic for a total of 6 credit hours.

A351 American Studies in Transnational Contexts (3 cr.) A & H P: A100 or permission of instructor. Invites a critical and historical analysis of the relation of culture to nation: why is the study of culture traditionally bound in national frames of reference and how might we organize a study of culture differently? Pursues the question topically (by considering ideas, peoples, social movements, etc., that cross national borders) and conceptually (by attention to the intellectual traditions that make possible alternative mappings of cultural study). May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

Anthropology

A208 Topics in the Anthropology of the Arts and Expressive Behavior (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to selected topics in the anthropology of art, performance, music, literature, folklore, belief, and ritual. Examines the methods anthropologists use to study the arts or other expressive behaviors and explores art and expression in a variety of cultural settings.

E310 Introduction to the Cultures of Africa (3 cr.) A & H, CSA R: ANTH E105 or E200 or E303 or AFRI L231 or L232. Explores the vitality and diversity of African cultures today in communities ranging from town neighborhoods to remote villages and from desert to rainforest. Demonstrates the tenacity and creativity of human societies facing severe political, social, and ecological pressures, but also contributes new questions and answers to global debates about family values, ethnicity, terrorism, hunger, and economic growth.

E312 African Religions (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An introduction to the variety of religious beliefs and practices in sub-Saharan Africa. Examines important themes that are common to indigenous religions and looks at the impact of Islam and Christianity. The focus is on how religion is interwoven with social, political, and economic aspects of life and is expressed in myth, ritual, and art.

E324 Native American Art (3 cr.) A & H, CSA This course is an introduction to the visual arts of Native Americans in the period since contact. Topics will include the artist (traditional and contemporary); the relationship of art, myth, and ritual; the effects of contact with other cultures on Indian arts; and shamanism and art. Class discussion will be illustrated with slides and movies. The class will visit and utilize the collections of Indian art at the Mathers Museum.

E460 The Arts in Anthropology (3 cr.) A & H An overview of visual art, music, dance, drama, and oral literature, viewed as structural entities, as aspects of human behavior, and in terms of their anthropological context.

E463 Anthropology of Dance (3 cr.) A & H Techniques of dance research, bibliographic and archival sources, historical and comparative studies, function and structure of dance, distribution of dance styles, and symbolic aspects of dance performance. A variety of dance forms will be considered in their social and cultural contexts.

Central Eurasian Studies

U324 Romanticism and the Rise of Nationalism (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Examines the rise of romantic tendencies in eighteenth-century Europe and its effect on ethnicity, religion, language, and national identity. Analyzes the establishment of educational and cultural institutions in the service of nationalism by examining national anthems, epics and opera. Includes such authors as Goethe, Wordsworth, Byron, Novalis, Hoffmann, Hugo, Pushkin, Poe, Mérimée, Nerval, Vörösmarty, and Petöfi. Credit given for only one of CMLT C333 or U324.

U346 Literature of the Ottoman Court in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study and analysis of selected readings from the Ottoman Court in English translation. May concentrate on a particular theme, period, or author. Special attention paid to the historical and cultural contexts of the works, as well as problems in translation, critical analysis, and interpretation. May be repeated once for credit with different topics.

U350 Turkish Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study and analysis of selected readings from Turkish literature in English translation. May concentrate on a particular theme, period, or author. Special attention paid to the historical and cultural contexts of the works, as well as problems in translation, critical analysis, and interpretation. May be repeated once for credit with different topics.

U372 Persian Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study and analysis of selected readings from Persian literature in English translation. May concentrate on a particular theme, period, or author. Special attention paid to the historical and cultural contexts of the works, as well as problems in translation, critical analysis, and interpretation. May be repeated with a different topic for a total of 9 credits in U372 and/or NELC N380.

U373 Persian Mystical Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A&H, CSA Examines the Persian literature of Islamic mysticism in English translation. Following an introduction to the history and doctrines of Sufism, the class will turn to detailed readings and discussions of works in several prose and poetic genres: hagiographic biography, allegorical epic, mystical lyric, and gnostic meditation. Credit given for only one of U373 or NELC N385.

U392 Shrine and Pilgrimage in Central Asian Islam (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Surveys the complex of religious belief and practice centered on shrines and pilgrimage to holy places in Islamic Central Asia, from the earliest accounts down to the present, with emphasis on the role of shrine-centered religious activity in the social, political, economic, and cultural life of Central Asia.

U393 The Yasavi Sufis and Central Asian Islam (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Surveys the history and legacy of the Yasavi tradition of Sufism in Islamic Central Asia from the twelfth century to the present, and other issues in the religious history of Central Asia linked to the Yasavi tradition.

U394 Islam in the Soviet Union and Successor States (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The course will examine the historical background and contemporary status of Islam and the nationalities of Islamic heritage in Russia and the newly independent republics of the former U.S.S.R. The focus will be on understanding the distinctive pressures experienced and exerted by Islam, as a religion and as a social system, in the Soviet and post-Soviet context.

U424 Hungarian Literature from Its Beginnings to 1900 (3 cr.) A & H The shift from oral to written literature; conflict between Latin Middle Ages and the cult of the vernacular during the Reformation; Enlightenment, Romanticism, and Realism examined in relation to other literatures of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; interrelationship of urbanization and literary modernity at turn of the century.

U426 Modern Hungarian Literature (3 cr.) A & H Socioeconomic modernization and literary modernity at the turn of the century; Hungary's influence on the culture of the Habsburg monarchy; naturalism, symbolism, art nouveau, expressionism; the influence of Marx and Freud; urbanization and populism; socialist realism and its opposition in the postwar years.

U450 Turkish Oral Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Consent of instructor. Folklore studies and the rise of nationalism, folk narratives in Turkey and among Turkic peoples, folk theatre in Asia Minor; rituals in Turkey and in the neighboring countries (Iran, Balkan countries, Middle East); riddles and proverbs, folk poetry, folk songs, and folk dances in Turkey.

U481 Survey of Tibetan Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to different styles of Tibetan literature in translation: preclassical; classical (including historiography, canonical scriptures translated from Indian languages and Chinese, and Tibetan religious literature); Bonpo literature; and folk literature (epics, poetry, and drama).

U484 The Religions of Tibet (3 cr.) A & H A survey of the whole of Tibetan religions, Buddhist as well as pre-Buddhist. Will be of utmost importance for every student of Tibetan since the whole of Tibetan life is pervaded by religion. Accompanied by slides.

Classical Studies

C101 Ancient Greek Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Examination and evaluation of the ideas of the Greeks as reflected in their traditions and way of life and in their intellectual and artistic achievements. Selection from general works and Greek authors in English translation. I Sem.

C102 Roman Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Examination and evaluation of the Romans as reflected in their traditions and way of life and in their intellectual and artistic achievements. Major topics: the person (rights, restrictions, environment), society and politics, intellectual and spiritual life. II Sem.

C205 Classical Mythology (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to Greek and Roman myths, legends, and tales, especially those that have an important place in the Western cultural tradition. I Sem., II Sem.

C206 (Fine Arts A206) Classical Art and Archaeology (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of the art and archaeology of classical lands from the Minoan-Mycenaean Age through classical Greece and Rome. Emphasis on the contribution of archaeology to our understanding of classical culture. I Sem., II Sem.

C308 Roman Law (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An introduction to the Roman legal system and, more generally, to legal reasoning, with a focus on the Roman law of delict (roughly equivalent to tort). The course uses the casebook method requiring daily participation in discussion of legal cases; other requirements include short writing exercises, exams, and papers.

C310 Classical Drama (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Masterpieces of ancient Greek and Roman theatre studied in relation to literary, archaeological, and artistic evidence for their production and interpretation.

C311 Classical Epics (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The development of Greek and Latin epic from the rich oral tradition of Homer to the strictly literary form exemplified by Virgil's Aeneid. Epic masterpieces are read with reference to relevant historical and archaeological background.

C350 Greek Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of Greek literature through selected literary works of such authors as Homer, Herodotus, Thucydides, Sophocles, Euripides, Aristophanes, and Plato.

C351 The Golden Age of Athens (3 cr.) A & H Literary and artistic masterpieces of classical Greece viewed against the intellectual, cultural, and political background of democratic Athens.

C360 Roman Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of Latin literature from its beginnings to the middle of the second century after Christ. Among authors read are Plautus, Terence, Catullus, Cicero, Homer, Virgil, Ovid, Petronius, Juvenal, Tacitus, and Apuleius.

C361 The Golden Age of Rome (3 cr.) A & H Literary and artistic masterpieces of the Augustan age viewed in connection with the foundation of the Roman Empire.

C405 Comparative Mythology (3 cr., undergrad.; 4 cr., grad.) A & H P: C205, graduate standing, or consent of instructor. Advanced, theoretical study of the forms and functions of classical Greek and Roman myths, including reading and evaluation of comparable myths in ancient Near Eastern cultures (Egypt, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Canaan). Comparative reading and evaluation of selected myths from outside the Mediterranean cultural area.

C409 Roman Literature and Art (3 cr.) A & H P: C102, C206 or FINA A206. An interdisciplinary investigation of selected works of Roman art and literature with attention to their common aesthetic ground, their role as expressions of Roman social ideology, and their place in the evolution of Roman culture.

C412 (FINA A412) The Art and Archaeology of the Aegean (3 cr., undergrad.; 4 cr., grad.) A & H P: CLAS C206 or FINA A206. Introduction to the preclassical art and archaeology of the Aegean Basin: Greece, Crete, and the Aegean islands during the Stone and Bronze Ages (to about 1000 B.C.). Topics covered include Troy, Minoan Crete, and Mycenaean Greece.

C413 (FINA A413) The Art and Archaeology of Greece (3 cr., undergrad.; 4 cr., grad.) A & H P: CLAS C206 or FINA A206. Art and archaeology of Greece from about 1000 B.C. through the Hellenistic period. Special attention given to the development of Greek architecture, sculpture, and vase painting. Continuation of CLAS C412 (FINA A412), but CLAS C412 (FINA A412) is not a prerequisite.

C414 (FINA A414) The Art and Archaeology of Rome (3 cr., undergrad.; 4 cr., grad.) A & H P: CLAS C206 or FINA A206. Development of Roman architecture, sculpture, and painting from the beginning through the fourth century A.D. Consideration given to the major archaeological sites. Continuation of CLAS C413 (FINA A413), but CLAS C413 (FINA A413) is not a prerequisite.

C416 Ovidian Mythology and Its Tradition (3 cr.) A & H P: C205, L305, or consent of instructor. Study of Ovid's love poems and Metamorphoses and their importance for the transmission of classical mythology within the literary and artistic traditions of western Europe. Post-Ovidian examples will include selections from Spenser, Apuleius, Petrarch, Chaucer, and Shakespeare and paintings by Botticelli, Raphael, Coreggio, Titian, the Carracci, and Poussin.

C419 The Art and Archaeology of Pompeii (3 cr., undergrad.; 4 cr., grad.) A & H P: C102, C206, or equivalent. Survey of the archaeological evidence of the best-preserved ancient city, noting its importance to our knowledge of everyday life in the first century A.D.

C420 Topography and Monuments of Athens (3 cr.) A & H An archaeological survey of the major monuments of ancient Athens from the prehistoric through the Roman eras. Topics include basic architectural forms and their political, social, and religious functions; Athenian democracy, political patronage, and building programs; and the integration of historical sources and the archaeological record.

C421 Topography and Monuments of Ancient Rome (3 cr.) A & H Study of the remains and knowledge of the physical fabric of ancient Rome, from its foundations through the high empire. It is the purpose of the course not only to introduce the student to the city and its monuments, but also through the monuments to provide a better understanding of the history of the city, its statesmen, and authors.

G305 Greek Tragedy (3 cr.) A & H P: G250, G302, or G308. One play of Sophocles and one of Euripides in the light of the social and cultural background.

G306 Greek Oratory (3 cr.) A & H P: G250, G302, or G308. Selected readings in the Greek orators, such as Lysias and Demosthenes, with some discussion of the development of prose artistry and rhetorical theory.

G307 Selected Works of Plato (3 cr.) A & H P: G250, G302, or G308. An introduction to the works of Plato, emphasizing the figure of Socrates.

G308 Readings in Biblical Greek (3 cr.) A & H P: G200 or G302. Selected readings from the New Testament and Septuagint. II Sem.

G406 Homer (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to the Homeric dialect and epic style and study of Homer's place in Greek culture through readings from the Iliad or Odyssey.

G407 Greek Historians (3 cr.) A & H Selections from Herodotus and Thucydides, with attention to the authors' literary style, their conception of history and the causation of events, and their portrayal of individuals and states.

G410 Greek Prose Authors (3 cr.) A & H Advanced reading material taken from such historians, orators, and philosophers as Thucydides, Demosthenes, Isocrates, Plato, and Aristotle.

G411 Greek Comedy (3 cr.) A & H Aristophanes and Menander; emphasis on the cultural background and the development of comic drama at Athens.

L304 Catullus (3 cr.) A & H P: L250 or equivalent. Selections from the poetry of Catullus with discussion of the cultural and political contexts. Some attention will be given to the origins and nature of Latin epigram and occasional verse.

L305 Ovid (3 cr.) A & H P: L250 or equivalent. Selections from the Metamorphoses and other writings; emphasis on Ovid's artistic and social importance. I Sem.

L307 Cicero (3 cr.) A & H P: L250 or equivalent. Selections from the orations, epistles, and philosophical writings; emphasis on Cicero's political importance and the influence of the man and his work. I Sem.

L308 Caesar, Civil War (3 cr.) A & H P: L250 or equivalent. Readings from Caesar with discussion of the political background of the Roman civil war and of Caesar as a cultural figure. II Sem.

Communication and Culture

C190 Introduction to Media (3 cr.) A & H Form, technique, and language of the media; analysis of specific film, television, and video productions; introduction to major critical approaches to media studies. Credit given for only one of CMCL C190 or CMLT C190.

C205 Introduction to Communication and Culture (3 cr.) A & H Critically examines communication as a cultural practice as it affects the beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviors of individuals, groups, and publics.

C228 Argumentation and Public Advocacy (3 cr.) A & H R: C121 or C130. Reasoning, evidence, and argument in public discourse. Study of forms of argument. Practice in argumentative speaking.

C238 Communication in Black America (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Communicative experiences of black Americans, including black dialect, language and ethnicity, interracial communication, recurring themes, spokespersons in black dialogue, and sociohistorical aspects of black language and communication.

C304 Communication and Social Conflict (3 cr.) A & H Examination of sources and functions of symbolic influence in contemporary society. Emphasis upon developing rhetorical skills for critiquing social conflict.

C306 Writing Media Criticism (3 cr.) A & H P: C190 or consent of instructor. Study of the main schools and methods of media criticism; emphasis on developing the analytical and critical skills necessary for writing film, television, and/or other types of media criticism.

C312 Introduction to Television Criticism (3 cr.) A & H Study of the form, structure, and meanings of television programs. Historical development of genres and conventions examined in relation to issues of American culture. Credit not given for both T310 and R206.

C313 Performance as Communicative Practice (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to performance as a communicative practice, focusing on performance as a special artistic mode of communication and performance and as a special class of display events in which the values and symbols of a culture are enacted before an audience.

C321 Rhetoric, Law, and Culture (3 cr.) A & H This course examines the range of ways in which rhetoric, law, and culture intersect in the production and maintenance of social and political community.

C323 Speech Composition (3 cr.) A & H R: C121 and one of the following: C223, C225, or C228. Advanced speech writing, focusing upon the content of speeches. The theory and practice of informative, persuasive, and ceremonial speaking. Topics include the principles of organization, exposition, and argumentation, and language and style.

C324 Persuasion (3 cr.) A & H R: C121 or C130; and one of the following: C223, C225, or C228. Motivational appeals in influencing behavior; psychological factors in speaker-audience relationship; contemporary examples of persuasion. Practice in persuasive speaking.

C326 Authorship in the Media (3 cr.) A & H P: C190 or consent of instructor. Topic varies: in-depth analysis of directors, producers, or creative individuals in the media, viewed as "authors." May be repeated once for credit with a different topic. A maximum of 6 credit hours may be earned for any combination of C326 and CMLT C491.

C335 Production as Criticism (3 cr.) A & H Provides conceptual and hands-on experience for researching, writing, and producing different genres of video programs using VRA camcorders and editing systems. This course emphasizes conceptual processes from the original script to the completed video. Lab fee required.

C339 Freedom of Speech (3 cr.) A & H A brief survey of the historical development of the concept of freedom of speech, and a close examination of contemporary free speech issues, such as those relating to national security, public order, civil rights movement, antiwar protest, obscenity, academic freedom, and symbolic speech. Credit not given for both S339 and C399.

C340 The Rhetoric of Social Movements (3 cr.) A & H Introduces rhetorical theories and practices which inform and are informed by the study of social movements. Topics vary and focus on a specific social movement or a range of social movements. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

C392 Media Genres (3 cr.) A & H P: C190 or consent of instructor. Topic varies. Analysis of typical genres, such as westerns, situation comedies, documentaries, etc. Problems of generic description or definition: themes, conventions, iconography peculiar to given genres. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credits.

C393-C394 History of European and American Films I-II (3-3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: C190 or consent of instructor. C393 is a survey of the development of cinema during the period 1895-1926 (the silent film era); C394 is a survey of European and American cinema since 1927. Particular attention paid to representative work of leading filmmakers, emergence of film movements and development of national trends, growth of film industry, and impact of television. Topics vary. Each course may be taken for a total of 6 credit hours with different topics.

C398 National Cinemas (3 cr.) A & H Historical survey of major national cinemas. Subject varies. Topics include Brazilian cinema, British cinema, Chinese cinema, French National cinema, German film culture, Indian cinema, and Italian cinema. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credits.

C414 Topics in Performance and Culture (3 cr.) A & H Examination of the relationship between performance and culture in specific domains of social life and aspects of social experience. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

C425 Culture, Identity, and the Rhetoric of Place (3 cr.) A & H Invites advanced undergraduate students to consider the rhetorical dimensions of places with a particular focus on theories of culture and identity (e.g. race, gender, and nationality). Students will critically examine how places are the product of strategic communication choices that have been made to influence how human beings think and behave.

Comparative Literature

C100 Freshman Seminar (3 cr.) A & H Analysis and discussion of selected major works of literature and art illustrating historical and stylistic problems related to specific themes, artists, or genres.

C145 Major Characters in Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Comparative analysis of characters who reappear in literature from different periods and cultures. These include the quester, the lover, the artist, the trickster, the rebel, and the outsider. Readings come from diverse genres and national traditions. Fulfills half of College of Arts and Sciences composition requirement, if taken with ENG W143 (1#cr.). I Sem.

C146 Major Themes in Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Comparative analysis of themes and motifs that reappear in literature from different periods and cultures. These include friendship, madness, self-sacrifice, the relationship of parents and children, the relationship of men and women, and the relationship of individuals and society. Readings come from diverse genres and national traditions. Fulfills half of College of Arts and Sciences composition requirement, if taken with ENG W143 (1 cr.). II Sem.

C147 Images of the Self: East and West (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Such considerations as the individual in society, the outcast as hero, and the artistic sensibility examined in selected works of Western and Eastern literature from ancient to modern times.

C151 Introduction to Popular Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Explores the scope and methodologies for the serious study of entertainment for mass consumption, including popular theater and vaudeville, bestsellers, mass circulation magazines, popular music, phonograph records, and popular aspects of radio, film, and television. Provides the basic background to other popular culture courses in comparative literature.

C155 Culture and the Modern Experience: An Interdisciplinary and International Approach (3 cr.) A & H This course, which is interdisciplinary in method and international in scope, introduces students to an inclusive study of major cultural parallels, contrasts, and developments across the arts and beyond national and continental divides. Syllabi and selections of course materials will reflect the specialties of individual instructors.

C200 Honors Seminar (3 cr.) A & H Selected authors and topics, ranging from traditional to modern (for example, Athens and Jerusalem: The Origins of Western Literature). Traditional or current debates and issues of a critical, theoretical, or historical nature. Comparative methodology, interdisciplinary approach. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

C205 Comparative Literary Analysis (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to basic concepts of literary criticism through comparative close readings of texts from a variety of literary genres-fiction, poetry, drama, essay-from diverse traditions. I Sem., II Sem.

C216 Science Fiction, Fantasy, and the Western Tradition (3 cr.) A & H Historical and comparative survey of science fiction and fantasy narrative from antiquity to the present. The origin of scientific narrative in ancient Greek literature, its relation to ancient myths, and its history and development. Emphasis on philosophical, cognitive, and scientific aspects of the genre.

C217 Detective, Mystery, and Horror Literature (3 cr.) A & H Origins, evolution, conventions, criticism, and theory of the detective and mystery story; history of the Gothic novel; later development of the tale of terror; major works of this type in fiction, drama, and film.

C219 Romance and the Western Tradition (3 cr.) A & H Origins, evolution, conventions, criticism, and theory of the romance, from antiquity to the present; representative texts from Apuleius to modern pulp fiction.

C251 Lyrics and Popular Song (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Survey of popular songs of Europe and the Americas, including modern ballads, cabaret songs, Spanish flamencos, Mexican rancheras, Argentine tangos, country western, and rock lyrics. Discussion of literary qualities of lyrics in context of musical setting and performance and independently as literature.

C252 Literary and Television Genres (3 cr.) A & H Comparative study of popular literary and television genres, such as farce, domestic comedy, melodrama, biography, mystery, adventure, western, the picaresque. Theoretical, technical, and ideological contrasts between the literary and television media.

C255 Modern Literature and the Other Arts: An Introduction (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Analyzes the materials of literature, painting, and music and the ways in which meaning is expressed through the organization of the materials. Investigates similarities and differences among the arts. Examples selected from the past 200 years. No previous knowledge of any art required. I Sem., II Sem.

C256 Literature and the Other Arts: 1870-1950 (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: C255 or consent of instructor. Interaction of the arts in the development of Western literature, painting, and music in movements such as impressionism, symbolism, constructivism, expressionism, dada, and surrealism.

C257 Asian Literature and the Other Arts (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected literary texts of China, India, or Japan studied in the context of the art forms and cultures of these countries. Concentration on one culture each time course is offered. May be repeated once with different topic.

C261 Introduction to African Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Oral and written poetry, epic, fiction, drama, and film from around the continent with reference to historical and cultural contexts, and debates on language choice, "authenticity," gender, and European representations of Africa.

C262 Cross-Cultural Encounters (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Encounters between different cultures explored in the literature, art, film, and music resulting from various forms of cultural contact (travel, colonization, religious diffusion, print and electronic technologies). Topics include transformation of cultural institutions, processes of cross-cultural representation, globalization of the arts and culture, development of intercultural forms. Historical and regional focus may vary. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

C265 Introduction to East Asian Poetry (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The major poetic modes in East Asian literature, with consistent concern for their historical development and occasional reference to Western traditions.

C266 Introduction to East Asian Fiction (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Readings in the major novels of the Far East, such as Monkey, Water Margin, Dream of the Red Chamber, and The Tale of Genji, along with studies of the short story, colloquial and literary, as it developed in East Asian literature.

C291 Studies in Non-Western Film (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study of adaptations of literary works, both Asian and Western, by Asian filmmakers. Discussion of traditions and conventions shared by original films with Asian literature and theatre. Concentration either on Japan, India, or China each time course is offered. May be repeated once with a different topic.

C301 Special Topics in Comparative Literature (3 cr.) A & H Special topics concerning two or more literary traditions or literature and other areas in the humanities. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

C305 Comparative Approaches to Literature: Theory and Method (3 cr.) A & H P: C205. Introduction to modern critical theory based on the study of literary texts and of critical and theoretical works.

C310 Film and Literature (3 cr.) A & H Analysis of the processes and problems involved in turning a literary work (novel, play, or poem) into a screenplay and then into a film. Close study of literary and film techniques and short exercises in adaptation.

C311 Drama (3 cr.) A & H P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Analytical and historical study of various forms of dramatic literature emphasizing differences between drama and other literary genres. Survey of periods and dramatic conventions, close reading of selected plays, some concern with theoretical problems.

C313 Narrative (3 cr.) A & H P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Historical and analytical study of various forms of narrative literature. Discussion of narrative as a primary literary genre and analysis of such diverse forms as myth, folktale, epic, romance, gospel, saint's life, saga, allegory, confession, and novel.

C315 Lyric Poetry (3 cr.) A & H P: 6 Credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Close reading of exemplary poems with an emphasis on interpretation and on the interplay between literal and figurative language. Topics will include the way poems are shaped, their ambiguous status as private and public statements, and their relation to tradition, to their readers, and to one another.

C318 Satire (3 cr.) A & H P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Historical and analytical study of forms, techniques, and scope of satire from antiquity to the Internet. Consideration of the role of ridicule in defending or attacking institutions, values, and beliefs. Credit given for only one of C218 or C318.

C320 World Literature before 1500 (3 cr.) A & H Survey of selected genres of literature from earliest written texts through the end of the Middle Ages, covering the major centers of world civilization-the Mediterranean, India, and East and West Asia.

C321 Medieval Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Secular directions in philosophy, scholarship, history, epic, romance, and lyric poetry within medieval Christian tradition. Rise of humanism during Dark Ages; its manifestation in Carolingian and twelfth-century renaissances.

C325 The Renaissance (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Prose fiction, long narrative poems, lyric poems, essays, tracts, and plays written between 1350 and 1650 in Italy, France, Spain, Germany, and England. Such authors as Petrarch, Boccaccio, Chaucer, Machiavelli, More, Castiglione, Rabelais, Montaigne, Shakespeare, Cervantes, and Hobbes.

C329 The Eighteenth Century (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. The dominant literary and intellectual trends of the century, such as neoclassicism, rococo, Enlightenment, and preromanticism. Authors such as Pope, Swift, Montesquieu, Richardson, Voltaire, Diderot, Kant, Rousseau, Lessing, and Sterne.

C333 Romanticism (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. The rise of romantic tendencies in eighteenth-century Europe; the romantic revolution in early nineteenth-century Western literature. Such authors as Goethe, Chateaubriand, Wordsworth, Byron, Novalis, Hoffmann, Hugo, Pushkin, and Poe.

C335 Realism, Naturalism, and Symbolism (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. The rise of realism in nineteenth-century fiction and its development into naturalism and impressionism; the symbolist reaction in poetry; the reemergence of the drama as a major genre. Such authors as Dickens, Flaubert, Tolstoy, Mallarme, Ibsen, Hauptmann, Strindberg, Chekhov.

C337 The Twentieth Century: Tradition and Change (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: 6 credit hours of literature. R: C205 or ENG L202. Such authors as Thomas Mann, Proust, Rilke, Pirandello, Joyce, Kafka, Pound, Eliot, Valery, Lorca, Brecht, Faulkner, Borges, Beckett, and Robbe-Grillet. The search for new forms and a new language to express the twentieth-century writer's views of art and reality.

C340 Women in World Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study of literature by women from different ages and societies. Consideration of such issues as the relationship to literary tradition and cultural context, the creation of an authoritative voice, or the representation of women in literature. Course may focus on one genre or mode (such as drama, lyric, autobiography, or satire).

C347 Literature and Ideas (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: 6 Credit hours of literature. Historical interrelations between literature and philosophy. Recent topics have included free will and the problem of evil; mysticism, criminality, and suffering; existentialism and the literature of the absurd. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

C355 Literature, the Arts, and Their Interrelationship (3 cr.) A & H P: C255 or consent of instructor. Discussion of theoretical foundations for study of the relationship of the arts; detailed analysis of specific works illustrating interaction of literature with other arts.

C357 The Arts Today: From 1950 to the Present (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: C255. R: C256. Shared trends in literature, the visual arts, music, dance, and theatre. The heritage of the grotesque and the absurd, dada and surrealism, and constructivism; the new realism. New materials; mixed media and multimedia; environmental and participatory art; happenings; minimal art, conceptual art, antiart.

C358 Literature and Music: Opera (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: Two courses in literature, theatre, or music history. Selected opera libretti from various periods. Comparison of libretti with their literary sources; emphasis on specific problems connected with the adaptation of a literary work to the operatic medium. Evaluation of representative libretti as independent literary works.

C360 Diasporic Literatures (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study of literature by writers of different regional and religious diasporas, with particular attention to issues relating to cultural identity and location. Consideration of closely related categories and concepts such as immigrant, ethnic minority, hybridity, and deterritorialized cultures.

C361 African Literature and Other Arts (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Regional, national, or ethnic traditions, including oral and written poetry, theater, fiction, film, and popular culture. Focus varies: literature of Senegal and the Mande; of Nigeria and Ghana; of Cameroon and the Congo; of East Africa and Southern Africa. May be repeated once with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

C365 Japanese-Western Literary Relations (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Japanese influences on Western poets and dramatists: color prints, haiku, and Noh plays. The Western impact on Japanese literature: the Japanese adaptation of such movements as romanticism, realism, naturalism, and symbolism, with special emphasis on the Japanese traits that these movements acquired.

C370 Arabic-Western Literary Relations (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Emphasis on Greek influences on early Arabs and Arab influences on medieval Europe. Impact of modern European and American culture on Arabs.

C375 Chinese-Western Literary Relations (3 cr.) A & H, CSA R: 6 credit hours of literature. Familiarity with Chinese recommended but not required. An examination of historical contacts between China and the West; an analysis of translations from the Chinese into Western languages; an exploration of the influences of Chinese on Western literature; and a critique of the images of China and the Chinese in Western cultures. May be repeated once.

C377 Topics in Yiddish Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected topics focusing on Yiddish fiction and drama (1810-1914) or twentieth-century Yiddish fiction, drama, and poetry. Taught in English. No prior knowledge of Yiddish required. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours. Credit given for either C300, C377, or GER Y300 per semester.

C378 Topics in Yiddish Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected topics on history of Ashkenazic Jews; Old Yiddish and pre-modern Yiddish folklore and popular culture; history and sociology of Yiddish; modern Yiddish culture; and centers of modern Yiddish culture. Taught in English. No prior knowledge of Yiddish required. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours. Credit given for either C350, C378, or GER Y350 per semester.

C400 Studies in Comparative Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: 6 credit hours of literature. Specific problems concerning the relationship of two or more literatures or of literature and another area in the humanities. May be repeated twice.

C405 Senior Seminar in Comparative Literature (3 cr., 6 cr. max.) A & H P: at least one 300-level comparative literature course or consent of instructor. Selected topics treated in seminar fashion. Recommended for majors. May be repeated once with different topic.

C415 Medieval Lyric (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: One course in medieval literature or consent of instructor. Medieval religious and secular lyric. Cultural contexts and formal concerns, such as the influence of medieval rhetorical theory and the continuation and transformation of classical poetic conventions.

C417 Medieval Narrative (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: one course in medieval literature or consent of instructor. Medieval literary theory (as it applies to narrative forms) and comparative analysis of works within their cultural contexts. Topics and works vary, but they may include the allegorical narrative, shorter narrative forms, the romance, fabliaux, saint's life, and pulpit literature.

C445 Traditions of Christian Literature I (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: 6 credit hours of literature or religious studies. Imaginative literature of the Christian culture from the second to the twelfth century; relationship to Jewish and classical cultural traditions; emergence of new genres; development of early medieval themes and forms and their transformation in the High Middle Ages.

C446 Traditions of Christian Literature II (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: 6 credit hours of literature or religious studies. Religious literature of the later Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the baroque, and the transformation of its themes and forms in more recent writings. Close reading of individual texts as well as consideration of their cultural and theological contexts.

C464 French Language Literature of Africa and the Americas (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Literary texts and films, their poetics and historical contexts. Particular consideration of the tension surrounding the use of French language in Africa and the Caribbean and the creation of French language literatures, their relationship to local oral traditions and metropolitan French literature. Course will be conducted in French.

C492 Comedy in Film and Literature (3 cr.) A & H Evolution, styles, and techniques of film comedy in America and Europe from the beginnings of cinema to the present. Theories of comedy and humor; relationship of film comedy to comedy in fiction, drama, pantomine, circus, and vaudeville. Work of leading film comedians.

East Asian Languages and Cultures

C431 Readings in Modern Chinese Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: Grade of C or higher in C402, or consent of instructor. Selected readings in modern Chinese plays, stories, and essays.

E100 East Asia: An Introduction (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Basic introduction to China, Japan, and Korea. Intended to help students understand the unique character of each of these three cultures within the general framework of East Asian civilization, comprehend the historical importance of the three countries, and appreciate the crucial role they play in the world today.

E110 Popular Culture in East Asia (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Surveys East Asian popular culture by examining the evolution and contemporary forms of mass culture in the region. Students will study the structure and political, social, and cultural implications of transnational cultural flows between East Asia and the West.

E160 The Daoist Body (3 cr.) A & H, CSA, TFR Daoism, also spelled "Taoism," is commonly known as the "religion of immortality." But of course, Daoists did die. Through Daoist scriptures, images, stories, and meditations, we will explore in this course what the attainment of immortality meant in flesh and blood terms to early Chinese Daoists.

E201 Issues in East Asian Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey and analysis of selected issues in East Asian literature and arts. Topics vary, but are generally on broad subjects that cut across fields, regions, and periods. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

E202 Issues in East Asian Traditions and Ideas (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey and analysis of selected issues in thought and religion of general import. Topics vary, but are generally on broad subjects that cut across fields, regions, and periods. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

E231 Japan: The Living Tradition (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An introduction into the patterns of Japanese culture: society, history, visual arts, literary masterpieces, performing arts, and living religious traditions.

E232 China: The Enduring Heritage (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Chinese culture and its modern transformations. Intellectual, artistic, and literary legacies of the Chinese people.

E233 Survey of Korean Civilization (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An introduction to the major cultural, social, and political features of Korean society from its prehistorical past to contemporary times. Focuses on how Koreans blended Chinese civilization and, in the twentieth century, institutions from the West and Japan, with indigenous traditions to produce a unique civilization.

E270 Japanese Language and Society (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of Japanese cultural patterns and the structure of Japanese society as reflected in the Japanese language. Comparisons with aspects of American culture and language will be included. Knowledge of Japanese language is not required.

E271 Twentieth-Century Japanese Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Cultural modes in twentieth-century Japan: traditional arts (e.g., tea ceremony, flower arrangement, puppet plays, haiku poetry) and modern arts (e.g., Western-inspired theater, existential fiction, cinema).

E300 Studies in East Asian Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected issues and problems of importance to the understanding of East Asian literature or linguistics. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

E301 Chinese Language and Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The relationship of Chinese language to its culture and society. Four topics emphasized: (1) unique characteristics of Chinese; (2) influence of language structure on thought patterns and social behavior; (3) traditional conception of life as it affects verbal behavior; and (4) interaction between linguistic and other factors in social life.

E303 Korean Folk and Elite Cultures (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to Korean culture and society from earliest times to the present, including oral and written literature, religion, social customs, and performing arts.

E321 Traditional Japanese Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to major works of Japanese literature from its golden age to the early modern period. Studying English translations, students pay special attention to issues of gender, narration, and the connections between literature and the political, cultural, and religious discourses that were part of the texts' originating context.

E322 Modern Japanese Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to the major works of modern Japanese literature in English translation from the 1890s to the present. Examines issues central to this literature since Japan's opening to the West, such as self/national identity, sexuality, war, and modernity.

E331 Traditional Chinese Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to Chinese historical and religious writing, narrative prose, and lyrical poetry from roughly 1300 BCE to 1300 CE. Studying English translations, students consider the roles of literature in Chinese history, and the way the written word served to construct Chinese culture.

E332 Chinese Literature since 1300 (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to major authors, works, and genres from the Yuan Dynasty to modern times. Studying English translations, students examine how literature is related to important political, ideological, and cultural concerns in the process of Chinese modernity, and explore issues of nationalism, revolution, and commercialism in modern literature and post-Mao writing.

E333 Studies in Chinese Cinema (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Critical and historical perspectives on Chinese cinema from the 1930s to the 1990s, including Taiwan and Hong Kong. Lectures and readings on the silent era, melodrama, musical, minority film, adaptation, the fifth generation, ideology, sexuality, urban cinema, and women's cinema.

E351 Studies in East Asian Thought (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected issues and problems of importance to the understanding of East Asian thought and religion. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

E371 Twentieth-Century Chinese Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Twentieth-century Chinese literature in translation, with readings from Liu O, Mao Tun, Lao She, and selected contemporary authors from China and Taiwan.

E372 Japanese Fiction and Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Exploration of modern Japanese fiction and various forms of culture. Topics will vary depending on the year the course is offered. Some examples are: literature and film; modernity and the self; women writers; history of popular literature and culture. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

E374 Early Chinese Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Origins of Chinese philosophical traditions in the classical schools of Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, and Legalism. Explores contrasting agendas of early Chinese and Western traditions. Credit not given for both E374 and PHIL P374.

E473 History of Japanese Theatre and Drama (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The social environment, textual content, stage conventions, artistic theories, and associated arts of traditional Japanese theatre and drama, viewed within the context of their historical development c. 1370-1870 and in the present day. Emphasis on Noh, bunraku, and kabuki; some attention to such performing arts as kyögen and köwaka.

E497 Overseas Study Tour (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Permission of instructor. For students who want to learn firsthand about the customs, culture, and language of an East Asian country in a course which includes a structured tour setting. Students will meet and study throughout the semester, both before and after the tour, which is a mandatory part of the class.

J431 Readings in Modern Japanese Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: Grade of C or higher in J402, or equivalent proficiency. Selected reading in modern Japanese plays, novels, and essays.

J491 Humanities Topics in Japanese (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Permission of instructor. For advanced Japanese language students. Emphasis on a topic, genre, or author in Japanese literature or humanities. Content selected to enhance specific language skills (reading, writing, speaking, or listening). May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

K431 Readings in Modern Korean Literature I (3 cr.) A & H P: Grade of C or higher in K402, or equivalent proficiency. Selected readings from modern Korean literature, excluding Sino-Korean literature. Emphasis on contemporary prose and poetry exemplifying the development of Korean national literature.

K432 Readings in Modern Korean Literature II (3 cr.) A & H P: Grade of C or higher in K402, or equivalent proficiency. Selected readings from modern Korean literature, excluding Sino-Korean literature. Focus on literature of the colonial era (1910-1945).

English

A202 Literary Interpretation-Advance College Project (3 cr.) A & H For high school students capable of college-level work. Development of critical skills essential to participation in the interpretive process. Through class discussion and focused writing assignments, introduces the premises and motives of literary analysis and critical methods associated with historical, generic, and/or cultural concerns. Note: Advance College Project A202 will not count toward the English major or satisfy the intensive writing requirement.

E301 Literatures in English to 1600 (3 cr.) A & H The historical study of literature in English for the period 450 to 1600.

E302 Literatures in English, 1600-1800 (3 cr.) A & H Representative study of British and American literature of the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries in the context of transatlantic cultural developments.

E303 Literatures in English, 1800-1900 (3 cr.) A & H Representative study of nineteenth-century British and American literature in the context of transatlantic cultural developments.

E304 Literatures in English, 1900-Present (3 cr.) A & H Representative study of twentieth-century literatures in English. In addition to Britain and North America, cultural locations may include the Indian subcontinent, Australasia, anglophone Africa, the Caribbean, etc. Focus on themes associated with modernity and cross-cultural contacts.

L141-L142 Introduction to Writing and the Study of Literature I-II (4-4 cr.) A & H P: for L142: L141 or equivalent in another department. Texts selected thematically in the first semester and according to genre or mode (comedy, tragedy, prose fiction, satire, epic, romance, fantasy, etc.) in the second semester provide a subject for expository writing of increasing complexity. Course meets four periods per week; at least five essays are written each semester.

L198 Freshman Literature (3 cr.) A & H Basic survey of literary masterpieces, open only to students who have received advanced placement in literature.

L202 Literary Interpretation (3 cr.) A & H P: Completion of the English composition requirement. Development of critical skills essential to participation in the interpretive process. Through class discussion and focused writing assignments, introduces the premises and motives of literary analysis and critical methods associated with historical, generic, and/or cultural concerns. May be repeated once for credit by special arrangement with the Department of English.

 L203 Introduction to Drama (3 cr.) A & H Representative significant plays to acquaint students with characteristics of drama as a type of literature. Readings will include plays from several ages and countries.

L204 Introduction to Fiction (3 cr.) A & H Representative works of fiction; structural techniques in the novel. Novels and short stories from several ages and countries.

L205 Introduction to Poetry (3 cr.) A & H Kinds, conventions, and elements of poetry in a selection of poems from several historical periods.

L206 Introduction to Prose (Excluding Fiction) (3 cr.) A & H Varieties of nonfictional prose, such as autobiography, biography, and the essay. Representative works from several periods and countries.

L207 Women and Literature (3 cr.) A & H Issues and approaches to the critical study of women writers and their treatment in British and American literature.

L208 Topics in English and American Literature and Culture (3 cr.) A & H Selected works of English or American literature in relation to a single cultural problem or theme. Topics will vary from semester to semester. May be repeated once for credit.

L210 Studies in Popular Literature and Mass Media (3 cr.) A & H Popular literary modes in England and America, such as detective, western, fantasy; history and theories of "mass" or "popular" culture; uses of literacy. Literary analysis of particular mass media forms, including television drama. Topic varies.

L213-L214 Literary Masterpieces I-II (3-3 cr.) A & H Literary masterpieces from Homer to the present. Aims at thoughtful, intensive reading; appreciation of aesthetic values; enjoyment of reading.

L220 Introduction to Shakespeare (3 cr.) A & H Rapid reading of at least a dozen of Shakespeare's major plays and poems. May not be taken concurrently with L313 or L314.

L230 Introduction to Science Fiction (3 cr.) A & H Study of the kinds, conventions, and theories of science fiction. Course may include both literature (predominantly British and American) and film.

L240 Literature and Public Life (3 cr.) A & H A study of literary works that feature situations, issues, and problems of values or ethics in public life as seen from a variety of viewpoints. Discussion and writing will be directed to the works themselves and to the questions they raise for contemporary life.

L241 American Jewish Writers (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to the works of selected American Jewish writers such as Saul Bellow, Bernard Malamud, Cynthia Ozick, and Philip Roth.

L249 Representations of Gender and Sexuality (3 cr.) A & H A study of literary and cultural presentations of gender and sexuality that traces their historical evolution, illuminates issues and problems, or studies the conventions of their depictions.

L295 American Film Culture (3 cr.) A & H Film in relation to American culture and society. Topic varies. Works of literature may be used for comparison, but the main emphasis will be on film as a narrative medium and as an important element in American culture.

L305 Chaucer (3 cr.) A & H Chaucer's work, with special emphasis on The Canterbury Tales.

L306 Middle English Literature (3 cr.) A & H Selected works such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the Pearl, mystery and morality plays, and religious lyrics, read in Middle English.

L307 Medieval and Tudor Drama (3 cr.) A & H Drama from its beginnings in Medieval England through contemporaries of the early Shakespeare.

L308 Elizabethan and Seventeenth-Century Drama (3 cr.) A & H English drama from Shakespeare's time to the closing of the theaters in 1642 and beyond.

L309 Elizabethan Poetry (3 cr.) A & H Major Elizabethan poets, with special attention to Spenser.

L313 Early Plays of Shakespeare (3 cr.) A & H Close reading of at least seven early plays of Shakespeare. May not be taken concurrently with L220.

L314 Late Plays of Shakespeare (3 cr.) A & H Close reading of at least seven later plays of Shakespeare. May not be taken concurrently with L220.

L317 English Poetry of the Early Seventeenth Century (3 cr.) A & H Major poets in England, 1600-1660.

L318 Milton (3 cr.) A & H Poetry and prose of John Milton, with special attention to Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes.

L320 Restoration and Early Eighteenth-Century Literature (3 cr.) A & H Representative literary works from 1660 to the mid-eighteenth century, studied within their social context.

L327 Later Eighteenth-Century Literature (3 cr.) A & H Representative literary works from the mid-eighteenth century to 1800, studied within their social context.

L328 Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Drama (3 cr.) A & H Development of English Drama from Puritan closing of playhouses into the nineteenth century.

L332 Romantic Literature (3 cr.) A & H British literature and culture in the age of Romanticism and the revolutionary era (ca. 1780-1830). Poetry, fiction, drama, and nonfiction writings from major and minor authors, such as Austen, Blake, Byron, Coleridge, Keats, Scott, the Shelleys, Wollstonecraft, and the Wordsworths.

L335 Victorian Literature (3 cr.) A & H Major poetry and prose, 1830-1900, studied against the social and intellectual background of period.

L345 Twentieth-Century British Poetry (3 cr.) A & H Modern poets, particularly Yeats, Eliot, Auden; some later poets may be included.

L346 Twentieth-Century British Fiction (3 cr.) A & H Modern fiction, its techniques and experiments, particularly Joyce, Lawrence, and Woolf; some later novelists may be included.

L347 British Fiction to 1800 (3 cr.) A & H Forms, techniques, and theories of fiction as exemplified by such writers as Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, Smollett, and Sterne.

L348 Nineteenth-Century British Fiction (3 cr.) A & H Forms, techniques, and theories of fiction as exemplified by such writers as Scott, Dickens, Eliot, and Hardy.

L350 Early American Writing and Culture to 1800 (3 cr.) A & H Examination of a range of literary and cultural communications from the period of exploration and colonization of the Americas through the Revolutionary era. Special attention paid to the interactions between rhetoric and history, and to religious, scientific, political, racial, and literary discourses.

L351 American Literature 1800-1865 (3 cr.) A & H American writers to 1865, with emphasis on Emerson, Hawthorne, Melville, Thoreau, and Whitman.

L352 American Literature 1865-1914 (3 cr.) A & H American writers, 1865-1914: Twain, Dickinson, James, and two or three additional major writers.

L354 American Literature since 1914 (3 cr.) A & H American writers since 1914: Faulkner, Hemingway, Eliot, Frost, and two or three additional major writers.

L355 American Fiction to 1900 (3 cr.) A & H Survey of representative nineteenth-century American novels, with emphasis on works of Cooper, Hawthorne, Melville, Twain, James, and Dreiser.

L356 American Poetry to 1900 (3 cr.) A & H Includes the work of Bradstreet, Taylor, the fireside poets, Poe, Emerson, Whitman, Dickinson, and Crane.

L357 Twentieth-Century American Poetry (3 cr.) A & H American poetry since 1900, including such poets as Pound, Eliot, Frost, Stevens, Williams, and Lowell.

L358 Twentieth-Century American Fiction (3 cr.) A & H American fiction since 1900, including such writers as Dreiser, Lewis, Fitzgerald, Hemingway, Faulkner, and Bellow.

L360 American Prose (Excluding Fiction) (3 cr.) A & H Prose forms such as autobiography, biography, the essay, and historical writing.

L363 American Drama (3 cr.) A & H Main currents in American drama to the present.

L364 Native American Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of traditional and modern literature by American Indians, especially of the high plains and southwest culture areas, with particular attention to the image of the Indian in both native and white literature.

L365 Modern Drama: Continental (3 cr.) A & H Special attention to Ibsen, Strindberg, Chekhov, Pirandello, Brecht, Beckett, and the theater of the absurd.

L366 Modern Drama: English, Irish, American, and Post-Colonial (3 cr.) A & H Shaw, Synge, O'Neill, and other significant dramatists, such as Harold Pinter, Edward Albee, August Wilson, Athol Fugard, and Wole Soyinka.

L367 Literature of the Bible (3 cr.) A & H Hebrew Bible and New Testament with emphasis on questions of reading and interpretation.

L369 Studies in British and American Authors (3 cr.) A & H Studies in single authors (such as Wordsworth and Melville), groups of authors (such as minority writers), and periods (such as American writers of the l920s). Topics will vary from semester to semester. May be repeated once for credit.

L371 Critical Practices (3 cr.) A & H P: L202 with grade of C- or higher. Study of and practice in using contemporary critical methodologies; can be focused on specific topics.

L373 Interdisciplinary Approaches to English and American Literature (3 cr.) A & H Social, political, and psychological studies in English and American literature, 1890 to the present. Topics may vary and include, for example, Freud and literature, responses to revolution, and the literature of technology.

L374 Ethnic American Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Literature about the American ethnic experience, selected from works by African American, Jewish American, Italian American, Irish American, Native American, Asian American, Hispanic American, and other ethnic authors.

L375 Studies in Jewish Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Jewish authors, such as I.B. Singer and Elie Wiesel; groups of authors, such as Holocaust writers and writers about the immigrant experience; or genres and themes. Topic will vary from semester to semester.

L378 Studies in Women and Literature (3 cr.) A & H British and American authors such as George Eliot, Gertrude Stein; groups of authors, such as the Brontë sisters, recent women poets; or genres and modes, such as autobiography, film, and criticism. Topics will vary from semester to semester.

L380 Literary Modernism (3 cr.) A & H Phenomenon of modernism in early twentieth-century transatlantic literature, with emphasis on such writers as Joyce, Pound, Eliot, Stein, Lawrence, and Faulkner, studied in relation to social and artistic movements.

L381 Recent Writing (3 cr.) A & H Selected writers of contemporary significance. May include groups and movements (such as black writers, poets of projective verse, new regionalists, parajournalists and other experimenters in pop literature, folk writers, and distinctly ethnic writers); several recent novelists, poets, or critics; or any combination of groups. May be repeated once for credit by special arrangement with the Department of English.

L383 Studies in British or Commonwealth Culture (3 cr.) A & H Study of a coherent period of British or Commonwealth culture (such as medieval, Elizabethan, or Victorian England, or modern Canada), with attention to the relations between literature, the other arts, and the intellectual milieu.

L384 Studies in American Culture (3 cr.) A & H Study of a coherent period of American culture (such as the Revolution, the Progressive Era, the Great Depression), with attention to the relations between literature, the other arts, and the intellectual milieu.

L389 Feminist Literary and Cultural Criticism (3 cr.) A & H Selected critical approaches to the issue of gender over time and in various cultural settings. Topics vary, but may include feminist criticism and popular culture, the history of feminist expository prose, or deconstructionism and feminism.

L390 Children's Literature (3 cr.) A & H Historical and modern children's books and selections from books; designed to assist future teachers, parents, librarians, or others in selecting the best in children's literature for each period of the child's life.

L391 Literature for Young Adults (3 cr.) A & H Study of books suitable for junior high and high school classroom use. Special stress on works of fiction dealing with contemporary problems, but also including modern classics, biography, science fiction, and other areas of interest to teenage readers.

L395 British and American Film Studies (3 cr.) A & H Intensive study of specific topics related to film narratives; emphasis on American or British film as a cultural phenomenon. Topic varies.

L396 Studies in African American Literature and Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study of a coherent phenomenon of African American literature and culture (such as Harlem Renaissance, the Black Arts Movement, African American women's autobiographies, black popular culture and literary expression, recent black fiction or poetry, or a cluster of major authors).

Fine Arts

A160 Introduction to East Asian Art (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of major monuments, artists, and movements in Chinese and Japanese art.

A206 (CLAS C206) Classical Art and Archaeology (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of the art and archaeology of classical lands from the Minoan-Mycenaean Age through classical Greece and Rome. Emphasis on the contributions of archaeology to our understanding of classical culture.

A226 Survey of Medieval Art (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Origins and development of the architecture, and especially the sculpture and painting, of the period from Constantine the Great (300 A.D.) to the fall of Constantinople in 1453 in the Byzantine East and the beginning of the Renaissance in the Latin West.

A231 The Age of Giants: Art in the Time of Leonardo and Michelangelo (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Italian painting and sculpture in the time of Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) and Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564), whose accomplishments represent what S. J. Freedberg has called the "most extraordinary intersection of genius art history has known." Besides an overview of Italian High Renaissance art, major topics to be addressed include the rivalry between Leonardo and Michelangelo, Leonardo's notebooks, and the reception of both artists' works in later centuries.

A234 Renaissance Florence (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of the interrelationships between Florentine artistic and literary culture between 1300 and 1530. Major emphasis on Boccaccio, Giotto, Masaccio, Donatello, Lorenzo dé Medici, Leonardo da Vinci, Guicciardini, Machiavelli, and Michelangelo.

A250 Introduction to African Art (3 cr.) A & H, CSA African art in its cultural setting. Major style areas: prehistoric Nok culture, kingdoms of Ife and Benin, Western Sudan, Guinea Coast, equatorial forests, Congo, eastern and southern Africa.

A276 Eye of the Beholder: Art and Perception (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to the philosophy and psychology of perception as they are related to Western art theory and criticism from Plato to the present.

A310 Topics in Ancient Art (3 cr.) A & H Special topics in the history and study of ancient art. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

A316 Ancient Art from Alexander the Great to Augustus (3 cr.) A & H The visual arts flourished under Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Kings that succeeded him; some of our best-known Greek artworks, such as the Laocoon, the Victory of Samothrace, and the Great Altar at Pergamon, were created during this period. This period also saw the rise of Rome as an important Mediterranean power. This course will survey the architecture and art (including sculpture, painting, mosaics, and minor arts) of the Hellenistic and Roman Republican periods.

A323 Illuminated Manuscripts in the Middle Ages: Form, Function, and Audience (3 cr.) A & H Starting with the invention of the codex in the first century, and continuing to the end of the Middle Ages, this course will investigate the tools, methods, and inspiration behind the creation of medieval manuscripts. Lectures will survey the most important types of manuscripts and schools of manuscript illumination, as well as their audiences.

A329 Topics in Medieval Art (3 cr.) A & H Special topics in the history and study of Medieval art. May be repeated for a total of 6 credits.

A346 Roots and Revolution: Early Twentieth-Century Mexican Art (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Critical analysis of painting, printmaking, and photography of Mexico from 1890 to 1950 in terms of political and cultural phenomena.

A347 Picasso (3 cr.) A & H A survey of the different phases of Picasso's career, the artistic milieu in which he worked, and the critical approaches that have been taken to his art.

A348 American Architecture (3 cr.) A & H P: A102 or permission of instructor. A survey of American architecture from the colonial period to the late twentieth century, including public, commercial, and domestic design, with emphasis on historical context and the role of architecture as signifier of social, cultural, and political ideologies.

A349 Dada and Surrealism (3 cr.) A & H An examination of the Dada Surrealism project, in particular the critique of established forms of art making; also the historical background, intellectual sources, and social and political goals of the two movements.

A356 Art of Central Africa (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Analysis of visual art traditions of central Africa, focusing primarily on the Democratic Republic of the Congo, but also including art from Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, and Angola.

A360 Topics in East Asian Art (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Topics vary; each is focused on a specific aspect or issue in East Asian art, studied in the context of social and intellectual history. May be repeated for a total of 9 hours of credit with different topics.

A412 (CLAS C412) The Art and Archaeology of the Aegean (3 cr.) A & H P: junior standing. R: one course in ancient art or archaeology. Introduction to the preclassical art and archaeology of the Aegean Basin: Greece, Crete, and the Aegean islands during the Stone and Bronze Ages (to about 1000 B.C.). Topics covered include Troy, Minoan Crete, and Mycenaean Greece.

A413 (CLAS C413) The Art and Archaeology of Greece (3 cr.) A & H P: junior standing. R: one course in ancient art or archaeology. Art and archaeology of Greece from about 1000 B.C. through the Hellenistic period. Special attention given to the development of Greek architecture, sculpture, and vase painting. Continuation of A412 (C412), but A412 (C412) is not a prerequisite.

A414 (CLAS C414) The Art and Archaeology of Rome (3 cr.) A & H P: junior standing. R: one course in ancient art or archaeology. Development of Roman architecture, sculpture, and painting from the beginning through the fourth century A.D. Consideration given to the major archaeological sites. Continuation of A413 (C413), but A413 (C413) is not a prerequisite.

A447 Modernism and Anti-Modernism in American Art, 1900-1945 (4 cr.) A & H P: A341, A342, or permission of instructor. A survey of American painting, sculpture, photography, design, and commercial art in the early Modern period. Topics include the urban realism of the "Ash Can School"; the early avant-garde; New York Dada; the cult of the machine; regionalist painting and the American heartland; the expressionist landscape; and surrealism, American style.

A471 Art Theory I (4 cr.) A & H Art theory from antiquity through the thirteenth century. Topics include Classical Greek and Roman art theory/early Christian art theory, or Medieval art theory: East and West. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 8 credit hours.

A472 Art Theory II (4 cr.) A & H Art theory of the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Topics include fourteenth- and early-fifteenth-century art theory in Italy and fifteenth-century art theory in Florence. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 8 credits.

A473 Art Theory III (4 cr.) A & H Art theory of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Topics include eighteenth-century background in Romanticism; England and Germany or Classicism and Romanticism; 1750-1850 England and France. May be repeated once with a different topic for a maximum of 8 credit hours.

A474 Art Theory IV (4 cr.) A & H Art theory of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Topics include romanticism-realism in France, Baudelaire and romantic theory in France, nineteenth-century German art theory, or late-nineteenth-century French art theory. May be repeated once with a different topic for a maximum of 8 credit hours.

F100 Fundamental Studio-Drawing (3 cr.) A & H Development of visual awareness and coordination of perceptual and manual skills; seeing, representing, and inventing on an experimental, exploratory level in two dimensions. Includes placement, scale, volume, light, formal articulation, and investigations of graphic tools and media.

F101 Fundamental Studio-3D (3 cr.) A & H Volume, space, material, and physical force studies provide the basis for exploration of three-dimensional form; includes carving, construction, and modeling, using wood, plaster, clay, etc.

F102 Fundamental Studio-2D (3 cr.) A & H Color, shape, line, and value structures are studied as the basis for exploration of two-dimensional spatial relationships; includes investigation of conventional and invented tools and media.

H100 Art Appreciation (3 cr.) A & H Designed to acquaint students with outstanding works of art and to provide an approach to appreciation through knowledge of purposes, techniques, form, and content. Does not count toward the fine arts major. Credit given for only one of H100 or A108. I Sem. II Sem.

H150 History of Comic Book Art (3 cr.) A & H The history of comic art and its influence on our culture. Does not count towards the fine arts major.

N110 Introduction to Studio Art for Nonmajors (3 cr.) A & H Introduces nonmajors to the elements and principles of visual language. Students will explore drawing, two-dimensional and three-dimensional design. Development of compositional skills that will result in a more sensitive visual aesthetic and sensibility. For nonmajors who are exploring practice in the visual arts.

N198 Introduction to Photography for Nonmajors (3 cr.) A & H For those who use automatic and snapshot cameras but do not require darkroom expertise. Covers basic camera operation, film choice, composition, color, lighting, visual communication, and aesthetics. Considers journalism, commercial, and fine art photography. Also discusses home video and new imaging technology. A 35mm camera required. Assignments completed on slide film.

S200 Drawing I (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101, and F102. Preliminary course for advancement in drawing, stressing basic visual awareness; seeing, representing, and technical command on a two-dimensional surface. Problems in handling placement, scale, space, volume, light, and formal articulation.

S220 Textile Design I (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101, and F102, or consent of instructor. An introduction to image making with fiber processes. This survey course investigates a variety of materials and processes with the emphasis on their expressive potential. The surface design techniques include textile printing with stamps and solid and resist dyed techniques. Constructed techniques include loom weaving and hand-manipulated fiber structures.

S230 Painting I (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101, and F102. Preliminary course for advancement in painting; exploring technical and visual aspects of color media. Emphasis on media command and structural problems in painting. Media: oil and acrylics.

S240 Basic Printmaking Media (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101, and F102; or consent of instructor. Introduction to printmaking. Emphasis on three basic media: intaglio, lithography, and silk screen. Problems in pictorial composition and drawing. Study of the interrelationships of all graphic media.

S250 Introduction to Design Practice (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101, F102. Drawing and perception in the history and practice of visual communication, including a basic introduction to the field and exercises with pencil, marker, computer, and other tools, to produce symbols, letter forms, and symbol-letter combinations.

S260 Ceramics I (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101, and F102. A limited introduction to handbuilding, throwing, glaze mixing, and glaze application, including lectures on basic ceramic techniques. Critiques of student work.

S270 Sculpture I (3 cr.) A & H P: F101. Foundation in basic technical and formal methods of traditional and contemporary sculpture. Use of tools and equipment for additive and subtractive techniques including wood construction, steel fabrication, clay modeling, plaster mold making and cold casting, and assemblage. Emphasis place on technical execution, conceptualization, and creative problem solving.

S271 Introduction to Figurative Sculpture (3 cr.) A & H Figurative sculpture has been the traditional method of introducing students to form, space, and proportion in sculpture. Students work from the model with clay, creating sculpture from observation.

S280 Metalsmithing and Jewelry Design I (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101, and F102, or consent of instructor. Introductory course for exploring metalworking and jewelry design as a serious form of creative expression. Focuses on the basic techniques of piercing of metals, soldering, sheet metal construction, surface embellishment, mechanical joining, wire forming and forging, stretching of sheet metals and various metal finishing techniques.

S291 Fundamentals of Photography (3 cr.) A & H Basic practice of camera operation, exposure calculation, exposing, printing, and enlarging monochrome photographs. Guidance toward establishment of a personal photographic aesthetic.

S301 Drawing II (3 cr.) A & H P: S200. Intermediate course in drawing from the model and other sources. Emphasis on technical command of the media in conjunction with the development of a visual awareness. Continued problems in the articulation of space, scale, volume, value, and linear sensitivity. May be repeated once.

S321 Textile Design II-Woven and Constructed (3 cr.) A & H P: S220. An exploration of constructed textiles using loom and non-loom techniques. Students will have the opportunity to explore and master several techniques in depth and investigate the creative potential of each. Specific technique and project choices, selected from a broad range of historical and contemporary approaches, will be presented each semester. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

S325 Textile Design II-Printed and Dyed (3 cr.) A & H P: S220. An exploration of methods of applying dyes and pigments in pre-woven cloth with emphasis on the development of personal images. Specific projects, changing each semester, will offer new approaches to applying color, texture, and construction to fabric. Students will have the opportunity to explore and master several techniques in depth and to investigate the potential of each. May be repeated once for credit.

S331 Painting II (3 cr.) A & H P: S230. Intermediate course in painting from the model and other sources. Emphasis on technical command and understanding of the components of painting space, color, volume, value, and scale. Media: oil or acrylics. May be repeated once.

S341 Printmaking II-Intaglio (3 cr.) A & H P: S240. Advanced study with emphasis on intaglio. Problems in pictorial composition and drawing stressed.

S343 Printmaking II-Lithography (3 cr.) A & H P: S240. Advanced study with emphasis on lithography. Problems in pictorial composition and drawing stressed.

S344 Printmaking II-Silk Screen (3 cr.) A & H P: S240. Advanced study with emphasis on silk screen. Problems in pictorial composition and drawing stressed.

S351 Typography and the Integration of Imagery (3 cr.) A & H P: S250 and consent of instructor. Studies in visual communication concentrating on typography as it relates to other design elements in practical design application. Processes include idea development and computer refinement.

S352 Production for the Graphic Designer (3 cr.) A & H P: S351 and consent of instructor. A thorough set of practical exercises that combine design projects with related information about both presentation of ideas and printing of finished designs.

S361 Ceramics II (3 cr.) A & H P: S260. Continued practice in forming and glazing, with the emphasis on wheel throwing, surface decoration, and kiln firing techniques. Lectures and critiques. May be repeated once.

S371 Sculpture II (3 cr.) A & H Development of skills in both traditional and contemporary sculpture methodology. Rotating semester topics include figurative sculpture, casting, steel/wood construction, installation art, and public art. Emphasis on the exploration of ideas through the sculptural form and knowledge of materials and historical traditions. May be repeated once.

S381 Metalsmithing and Jewelry Design II (3 cr.) A & H P: S280 Extensive drawing, designing, and model making for exploring forms and ideas in metal and mixed media, either as jewelry, hollow ware, flatware, boxes, or small-scale sculpture. Focuses on techniques of angle raising, repoussé and chasing, forging of flatware, stone setting, and lost-wax casting. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

S392 Intermediate Photography (3 cr.) A & H P: S291 or consent of instructor. Practice of black and white photography: camera work, darkroom practices, appreciation of photographs, and experience in expressive use of the medium.

S445 Relief Printmaking Media (1-3 cr.) A & H P: S240 or consent of instructor. Relief printmaking media: woodcut, linocut, monotype, and collograph. Students create prints in each medium in both black-and-white and color using a variety of traditional and innovative techniques such as photo and the computer. May be repeated for a total of 20 credit hours.

T230 Computer Art: Survey and Practice (3 cr.) A & H Beginning class on digital media's role in the world of art production and reception. Class emphasizes learning to use digital media to produce original, creative art work. Topics include digital imaging, communicative art and interactivity.

T320 Video Art (3 cr.) A & H P: F100, F101 or F102; portfolio review. Exploration of the medium of video as an aesthetic expression. Time and sound are elements incorporated into visual composition's traditional concerns. Emphasis on technical command of video camera and digital editing procedures in conjunction with development of a visual sensitivity. Readings and a research project are required.

Folklore and Ethnomusicology

F101 Introduction to Folklore (3 cr.) A & H A view of the main forms and varieties of folklore and folk expression in tales, ballads, gestures, beliefs, games, proverbs, riddles, and traditional arts and crafts. The role of folklore in the life of human beings.

F111 World Music and Culture (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to ethnomusicology and the cross-cultural study of music and culture. Explores music, performance, and ideas from around the world. Analyzes the role music plays in human life, including a variety of social, political, and personal contexts. Music training is not required.

F121 Introduction to Folklife (3 cr.) A & H The idea of folk culture provides a critical and historical means for evaluating and comprehending the human condition in the modern world. Through looking at folk cultures from different places, internationally, and by examining the ways in which culture is made manifest, especially on the landscape, in architecture and arts, this course provides an introduction to the idea of folklife.

F131 Introduction to Folklore in the United States (3 cr.) A & H Folklore and traditional expressive behavior in the United States. Traditional arts, ideas, and practices of folk groups in the United States, including ethnic, occupational, regional, and religious groups.

F205 Folklore in Video and Film (3 cr.) A & H, TFR Acquaints students with a few of the current systems of folk belief diffused, reinforced, and, in some cases, originated by film and video, both in the form of the documentary and the feature-length drama. Aids students in the process of thinking and writing critically about the content, meaning, and social function of these modern forms of information systems.

F225 Forms of Commemoration (3 cr.) A & H Examines forms of commemoration in order to define their essential features and to describe how they operate in society. Highlights folk commemoration, those informal modes of remembrance that are a part of community tradition.

F235 Personal Narratives: A Course in Folklore and Literature (3 cr.) A & H Examines how writers and oral storytellers use personal experience narratives. Though personal narratives are not traditional, they can be studied using the concepts and methods developed to study both folklore and literature.

F252 Folklore and the Humanities (3 cr.) A & H Basic theoretical approaches to the study of folklore, emphasizing the relationship to other humanistic disciplines such as literary and religious studies and history. May be repeated for a total of 6 credits when topics vary.

F301 African Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Folklore, folklife, or folk music as aspects of African culture. The functions of folklore forms and performances within traditional societies and emergent nations. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F305 Asian Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Forms and functions of folklore, folklife, or folk music in the traditional and developing societies of Asia. Folklore as a reflection of culture. Relationship between folklore forms and belief systems in Asia. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F307 Middle Eastern Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Folk traditions of the Arabic, Persian- and Turkish-speaking peoples, including folk festivals, rituals, folk dances, music, theatre, and verbal behaviors; the influence of Islam. May be repeated for a total of 6 credits when topics vary.

F308 Middle Eastern and Arab Mythology (3 cr.) A & H Examines "mythological" belief systems and related manifestations that exist as quasi formal religious ideologies in Middle Eastern communities. Emphasis is placed on Arab and Moslem groups. (Other groups may be selected for the student's research. Arabic language may be selected on individual basis for reading/research).

F312 European Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Expressions of regional cultures and emerging nations of Europe. Social functions of folklore and folk music in rural and urban communities. May be repeated for a total of 6 credits when topics vary.

F315 Latin American Folklore/Folklife/ Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Cultural and functional analysis of traditional folklore or music genres developed in the cultures of Latin America. Emphasis on origin and the diffusion of folklore, folklife, and folk music as well as the peoples. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F320 Pacific Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Folklore, folklife, music, and dance of Australia, New Zealand, and native Oceanic societies. Topics include the cultures of aboriginal and settler populations, retention and adaptation of aboriginal materials, and the emergence of "native" traditions among the settler and immigrant groups. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F351 North American Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Folk and popular traditions of the United States and Canada. Topics include the social base of American folklore, prominent genres of American folklore, folklife, and folk music, national or regional character, and American folk style. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F352 Native American Folklore/Folklife/ Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Comparative examination of various verbal, musical, and dance forms of Native American societies. Consideration of cultural systems of Native Americans within the context of general American culture. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F354 African American Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA African American culture in the United States viewed in terms of history and social change. Folklore, folk music, and oral history as means of illuminating black culture and history. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F356 Chicano Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The folk traditions of Mexican Americans as a reflection of the historical experience and cultural identity of this people within the United States. Mexican heritage, Anglo and black influences, and the blending of these elements into a unique cultural entity. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F358 Jewish Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study of Jewish experience throughout the ages as reflected in the folklore of biblical, talmudic, and midrashic materials and in medieval and contemporary settings, including America. Analysis of folkloric expression in religion, literature, humor, music, folklife, and art. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F360 Indiana Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of folklore, folklife, or folk music of Indiana. Students are encouraged to do fieldwork in the state. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F363 Women's Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Focuses on women's folk traditions in terms of life cycle and role and explores the range of women's occupations and related traditional knowledge. Looks at women as traditional verbal, visual, or musical artists. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F364 Children's Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The traditional rhymes, riddles, stories, games, folklife, or music associated with "the culture of childhood." The role these forms play in peer-group activity and in the social and cognitive development of the child. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F369 Aliens, Psychics, and Ghosts (3 cr.) A & H How do people make sense of their worlds and experiences? The study of folklore provides a unique answer through the study of narrative, symbolic expression, and discourse analysis. This course brings folk beliefs into conversation with scientific method, and examines the different ways in which people come to view or understand the uncanny.

F389 Hip-Hop Music and Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Junior or senior standing. Examines rap music as artistic and sociological phenomena with emphasis on its historical and political contexts. Discussions include the coexistence of various rap styles, their appropriation by the music industry, and controversies resulting from the exploitation of hard core rap as a commodity for national and global consumption.

F404 Topics in Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H Explores in depth a particular topic in the study of folklore, folklife, or music. Courses of an unusual, integrative, or experimental nature. May be repeated for a total of 6 credits when topics vary.

F410 Multimedia in Ethnomusicology (3 cr.) A & H This course explores the use of multimedia technology in five basic areas of ethnographic activity: Field research, laboratory research (transcription and analysis), preservation, presentation, and publication. Knowledge of technological concepts and skill development in the use of various technologies are pursued through a project-based approach, which emphasizes learning by doing. Evaluation is based on demonstration of competencies through successful completion of projects. The class is structured to include both lecture and lab components.

F420 Forms of Folklore/Folklife/Folk Music (3 cr.) A & H Examination of selected forms of folklore, folk music, craft, or performance, with attention given to content, form, and function of the selected forms as well as the variety of theories and methodologies employed in their study. May be repeated twice when topics vary.

F440 Folklife and Material Culture Studies (3 cr.) A & H The perspective of folklife studies. Material culture presented within the context of folklife, with attention to the role of folk museums, folklife research methods, and the history of folklife research. May be repeated once when topics vary.

F492 Traditional Musical Instruments (3 cr.) A & H Classification, distribution, and diffusion of folk and traditional musical instruments. Construction and performance practices. Relation to cultural and physical environment. Demonstration with instruments in the collection of the Mathers Museum.

F494 Transcription and Analysis of Traditional Music (3 cr.) A & H P: Consent of instructor. Survey of theories and methods applied in transcription, analysis, and classification of traditional music. Application of methods to selected recordings.

French and Italian

F125 Studies in French Culture (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to French culture through the study of a particular topic in the arts and humanities, such as film, literature, fine arts, and music. Taught in English. No credit in French major. May be repeated with a different topic for a total of 6 credit hours.

F300 Reading and Expression in French (3 cr.) A & H P: F250, F255, F265, or consent of department. This course introduces students to different levels of style and expression and to written argumentation in French. Texts representing various periods and literary genres provide the basis for in-class discussion and for exercises designed to develop oral and written fluency. Conducted in French.

F303 Theater and the Essay: Form, Themes, and Ideas (3 cr.) A & H P: F250, F255, F269, F300, or equivalent. Dramatists such as Corneille, Racine, Molière, Beaumarchais, and Sartre; essayists and philosophes such as Descartes, Pascal, Voltaire, Divert, and Camus. Readings in French. Lectures and discussion in English. No credit for French major. Credit given for only one of F303 or F305.

F304 Novel and Poetry: Form, Themes, and Ideas (3 cr.) A & H P: F250, F255, F269, F300, or equivalent. Novelists such as Balzac, Flaubert, and Proust; readings in anthologies stressing sixteenth-, nineteenth-, and twentieth-century poetry. Readings in French. Lectures and discussion in English. No credit for French major. Credit given for only one of F304 or F306.

F305 Théâtre et essai (3 cr.) A & H P: F300 or equivalent. Drama and literature of ideas. Dramatists such as Corneille, Racine, Molière, Beaumarchais, and Sartre; essayists and philosophes such as Descartes, Pascal, Voltaire, Diderot, and Camus. Lectures and discussion in French. Credit given for only one of F305 or F303.

F306 Roman et poésie (3 cr.) A & H P: F300 or equivalent. Novel and poetry. Novelists such as Balzac, Flaubert, and Proust; readings in anthologies stressing sixteenth-, nineteenth-, and twentieth-century poetry. Lectures and discussion in French. Credit given for only one of F306 or F304.

F310 Topics in French Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Readings in English translation of novels, plays, essays, and poetry or other works that reflect a specific topic chosen by the instructor. No credit for French major.

F311 Contemporary France: Film and Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Political, social, and cultural aspects (including film) of contemporary France. No credit for French major. Credit given for only one of F311 or F461.

F350 The Writer and Public Issues in Twentieth-Century France (3 cr.) A & H, CSB The modern writer's view and treatment of issues such as anti-Semitism, feminism, colonialism, capital punishment, criminal justice, Marxism, militarism, and pacifism. No credit for French major.

F361 Introduction historique à la civilisation française I (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: F300 or equivalent. Readings related to the political and social development of France; background to a further study of French society and literature up to the French Revolution.

F362 Introduction historique à la civilisation française II (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: F300 or equivalent. Readings related to the political and social development of France; background to a further study of French society and literature from the French Revolution.

F363 Introduction à la France moderne (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: F300 or equivalent. The development of French culture and civilization in the twentieth century, with an emphasis on the events that shaped modern France, illustrative works of literature, the problem of Paris, and the structure of daily life.

F375 Thèmes et perspectives littéraires (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: F300 or equivalent. Study of a specific subject or theme, such as society and the individual, the tragic hero from the seventeenth to the twentieth century, comedy, and satire. All work in French. May be repeated once for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

F410 French Literature of the Middle Ages (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to Old French language and major literary works. Readings may be broadly representative of the period or reflect a particular thematic concern.

F413 French Renaissance (3 cr.) A & H Rabelais, Montaigne, the Pleiade, and others.

F435 Enlightenment Narrative (3 cr.) A & H Narratives in the form of letters, memoirs, dialogues, and tales. Writers such as Marivaux, Prevost, Voltaire, Diderot, Mme de Charrière, Constant, Chateaubriand. Social, political, and cultural interchange between the writer and his/her world, from classicism to romanticism.

F436 Voltaire, Diderot, and Rousseau (3 cr.) A & H Three great writers of the eighteenth century; their versatility, sensitivity, and appeal; their relations with each other and their society; their pan-European impact. Voltaire: action, tale, and satire. Diderot: knowledge, dialogue, and vitality. Rousseau: idealization, testimony, and vision.

F443 Great Novels of the Nineteenth Century (3 cr.) A & H Novelists such as Stendhal, Balzac, Flaubert, and Zola.

F446 Great Poetry of the Nineteenth Century (3 cr.) A & H Poets such as Hugo, Desbordes-Valmore, Baudelaire, Rimbaud, and Mallarmé.

F450 Colloquium in French Studies-Tradition and Ideas (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Two of the following: F305, F306, or F375; or consent of the instructor. Emphasis on one topic, author, or genre. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 9 credit hours for any combination of F450 and F451.

F451 Colloquium in French Studies-Literature and Arts (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: Two of the following: F305, F306, or F375; or consent of the instructor. Emphasis on one topic, author, or genre. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 9 credit hours for any combination of F451 and F450.

F453 Le Roman au 20e siècle I (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Ecrivains tels que Gide, Alain-Fournier, Proust, Colette, Bernanos, Céline, Sartre, Malraux.

F456 La Poésie au 20e siècle (3 cr.) A & H Richness and diversity of twentieth century French poetry: poets such as Chédid, Apollinaire, Valéry, les surréalistes, Ponge, Saint-John Perse.

F459 Le Théâtre au 20e siècle (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Precursors of the non-realistic theater; playwrights to be included are Jarry, Apollinaire, and Cocteau. Surrealism; plays by Vitrac. Theater of ideas; playwrights are Anouilh, Giraudoux, Sartre. Theater of the absurd; playwrights are Beckett, Adamov, Arrabal, Ionesco, and Genet. Lectures and discussions in French.

F460 La francophonie nord-americaine (3 cr.) A & H History of the different French-speaking communities of Canada and the United States. Study of the different manifestations of their cultures: their language, music, traditions, cuisine, literature, and cinema. Also examines the impact these cultures have had on the surrounding English-speaking communities.

M222 Topics in Italian Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected readings emphasizing a particular author, genre, or theme in Italian culture. Interdisciplinary approach combining political, historical, social, and artistic methods. Subjects vary from semester to semester and are listed in the online Schedule of Classes. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours. No credit for Italian major.

M234 Florence in Florence (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Analysis of some specific problem, theme, or author connected with Florentine history, art, literature, or culture between the age of Dante and Giotto in the thirteenth century to the era of Machiavelli and Michelangelo in the sixteenth century. Offered only through the Overseas Study summer program in Florence. Variable topic. No credit for Italian major.

M235 Rome, the City and the Myth (3 cr.) A & H, CSB An interdisciplinary survey of the role of Rome and Roman mythology in the postclassical culture of Italy from the humanist movement to the present. Major Italian artists, writers, musicians, and social thinkers to be treated include Petrarch, Machiavelli, Vivaldi, Tiepolo, Canova, Piranesi, Mussolini, and Fellini. No credit for Italian major.

M305 Civiltà italiana moderna (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Interdisciplinary survey of modern Italian culture (history, art, music, film, and literature) from national unification to the present. Conducted in Italian.

M306 Italian Short Stories from the Political Unification to the Present (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Explores the Italian short narrative from the political unification of Italy (1861) to modernity. Analysis of short stories and tales by authors such as Banti, Primo Levi, Verga, Pirandello, Arrigo Boito, Elsa Morante, Calvino, and others. Class will be conducted in Italian.

M307 Masterpieces of Italian Literature I (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: M301 or consent of instructor. To 1800.

M308 Masterpieces of Italian Literature II (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: M307 or consent of instructor. From 1800 to present.

M333 Dante and His Times (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study of the cultural history, philosophy, theology, and poetics of the thirteenth century relating to Dante's works. Lectures, readings, and discussions dealing with Provençal poetry, courtly love, the origin of the sonnet, the poets before Dante. Dante's major works, The New Life and The Divine Comedy, will be analyzed and discussed. All readings in English. No credit for Italian major.

M334 Power and Imagination in Renaissance Italy (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Interdisciplinary approach to the interrelationship of Florentine Renaissance literature, social thought, and culture. Figures studied will include Alberti, Boccaccio, Cellini, Guicciardini, Machiavelli, Michelangelo, and Italian humanists. No credit in Italian.

M340 Sex and Society in Boccaccio (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Close reading and intertextual study of Boccaccio's Decameron in its historical, economic, cultural, and literary contexts, with special attention to the formation of ideals and values in human society. Taught in English. No credit for Italian major.

M345 Literature of Italian Renaissance Art (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of the literature dealing with art in the Italian Renaissance in a variety of literary genres, including works by Michelangelo, da Vinci, Vasari, Alberti, Cennini, and Cellini. No credit for Italian major.

M390 Studies in the Italian Film (3 cr.) A & H, CSB In-depth analysis of a major Italian art form as Italian culture. Emphasis on specific directors (Fellini, Pasolini, Visconti, Wertmüller, Bertolucci) or problems (literature and film, neorealism, politics and ideology, film comedy). May be repeated for a maximum of 6 credit hours with different topics.

M391 Hollywood Italians (3 cr.) A & H The representation of Italian Americans in literature, Hollywood films, and mass media television from the silent era of Rudolph Valentino to the present of The Godfather and The Sopranos. Themes treated include immigration; Little Italys; ethnic stereotyping; and Hollywood Italian gangsters, Romeos, and Palookas. No credit for Italian major.

M403 Italian Renaissance Literature (3 cr.) A & H This course will focus on various authors, subjects, and literary genres of the Italian Renaissance. It may be taught as a monographic seminar on an author or topic.

M445 Risorgimento (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Junior or senior standing. A survey of nineteenth-century Italian history and culture, seen in all its varied manifestations. Particular emphasis will be given to the Risorgimento period, as portrayed in music, art, literature, and film.

M446 Nineteenth-Century Italian Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: Junior or senior standing. A survey of the major Italian authors of the century, focusing particularly on poetry but also discussing the most important narrative works. Special emphasis will be given to the analysis of the texts, as well as to the comprehension of the development in Italy of Neoclassicism, Romanticism, and Decadence

M450 Seminar in Italian Literature (up to 6 cr.) A & H P: M308 or consent of instructor. Selected topics in Italian literature. Course content varies and is identified in the online Schedule of Classes. May be repeated for up to 12 credit hours with different topics.

M453 Twentieth-Century Italian Literature and Culture (3 cr.) A & H Course may be taught as a survey course on twentieth-century Italian literature, or it may focus on a specific literary genre or period. Credit given for only one of M453 or M454.

M455 Readings in the Italian Cinema (3 cr.) A & H P: Any film course, or consent of instructor, and reading knowledge of Italian. Analysis of specific movements, topics, or directors in Italian cinema. Attendance of film series for M390 required. Subject may vary with each listing and is identified in the online Schedule of Classes. May be repeated once for credit.

M456 Il Decadentismo Italiano (3 cr.) A & H An analysis of the development of Italian Decadence, focusing particularly on Pascoli and D'Annunzio but also discussing the other writers such as Pirandello and Svevo. Special emphasis will be given to the analysis of the texts, as well as to the understanding of the entire cultural movement studied in its European context.

M463 Contemporary and Popular Italian Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: M307/M308 or permission of instructor. A study of contemporary Italian culture and literature that includes an overview of various topics such as cinema, gender issues, theater, and music. Class conducted in Italian.

S300 Reading and Expression in French-Honors (3 cr.) A & H P: F250, F255, F265, or consent of department. This course introduces students to different levels of style and expression and to written argumentation in French. It is a version of F300 for honors students. Credit given for only one of F300 or S300.

Gender Studies

G101 Gender, Culture, and Society (3 cr.) A & H Examination of the international emergence of the field of women's studies; the achievements and limitations of scholarly work exploring oppression and discrimination based on sex and sex differences; the development of the category "gender" and its uses and abuses; and the relevance of changing understandings of the term "culture" for the study of women, gender, and/or sexuality across diverse historical periods, regions, nations, and societies. Exploration of a series of case studies. Particular attention devoted to the ways in which "gender" as practice, performance, and representation has differed for women and men according to race, class, and other divisions.

G225 Gender, Sexuality, and Popular Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Examination of popular cultural "makings" of masculinity, femininity, and sexuality through typical representation of gender within fiction, theater, cinema, radio, music, television, journalism, and other secular mass media. Analysis of the developing international telecommunications "superhighway" and struggles to secure increased representation of women and of feminist perspectives within existing culture industries.

G290 History of Feminist Thought and Practice (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to historical and contemporary feminists. Critical focus is placed on criteria by which attributes of identifiable feminist discourses and their contexts may be evaluated. Disputes among feminist theorists with regard to the pertinence of differences ordained by sexuality, race, class, ethnicity, and other political and philosophical adherence emerge as central themes for appraisal.

G310 Representation and the Body (3 cr.) A & H Analysis of scholarship concerned with "the body," "sexed bodies," "corporeality," "body politics," and the significance of worldwide bodily rituals used to mark sexual difference. Dualistic and disembodied categories through which the body is "culturally thought" receive scrutiny, including exteriority/interiority and sex/gender distinctions prevalent in discussions of the body.

Germanic Studies

G255 Tradition and Innovation in German Literature (3 cr.) A & H Major themes and ideas in prominent works of German literature (lyric, fiction, drama) in translation, selected from various historical periods. Lectures and discussions in English. No credit given in German.

G305 Introduction to German Literature: Types (3 cr.) A & H P: G300 with a minimum grade of C-. R: G330. Study of literary types (narrative, dramatic, lyric), with examples of each selected from two or more periods. I Sem.

G306 Introduction to German Literature: Themes (3 cr.) A & H P: G300 with a minimum grade of C-. R: G330. Study of a single literary theme (such as music, generational conflict, love, revolution) as represented in two or more periods. II Sem.

G350 Vikings and Sagas (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to Viking culture (c. 800-1100) and its reflections in selected sagas. Readings, lectures, and discussions. Readings in English. No credit in German.

G363 Deutsche Kulturgeschichte (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: G300 with a minimum grade of C-. R: G330. A survey of the cultural history of German-speaking countries, with reference to its social, economic, and political context. Lectures in German; discussions in German or English. Credit given for only one of G363 or G364.

G364 German Cultural History (3 cr.) A & H, CSB A survey of the cultural history of German speaking countries, with reference to its social, economic, and political context. Taught in English; no credit in German. Credit given for only one of G363 and G364.

G390 German Film Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSB An introduction to the methods of film studies by examining the aesthetic, sociological, political, and philosophical contexts of German film, as well as its role in the development of European and American cinematic tradition. Readings, lectures, and discussions in English. No credit given in German.

G403 Deutsche Literatur: Mittelalter bis Romantik (3 cr.) A & H P: G305 or G306. Historical survey of major literary developments from the Middle Ages to romanticism.

G404 Deutsche Literatur seit der Romantik (3 cr.) A & H P: G305 or G306. Historical survey of major literary developments from Young Germany to recent writing in German-speaking Europe.

G415 Perspectives on German Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: G305 or G306. Study of one aspect of German literature: formal, historical, political, psychological, etc. Relation to wider concerns in and outside of literature. Topic announced in the online Schedule of Classes. May be repeated once with different topic.

G416 Studies in German Authors (3 cr.) A & H P: G305 or G306. Life and works of a major author or a group of authors. Topic announced in the online Schedule of Classes. May be repeated once with different topic.

G418 German Film and Popular Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: G305 or G306. Study of German film and/or other manifestations of German popular culture (television, music, cabaret, Trivialliteratur of the twentieth century).

K350 Topics in Scandinavian Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Topics dealing with language, literature, and culture in Norway and other Scandinavian countries in more recent historical periods. Discussions located within a comparative overview of political, economic, and social realms of the Nordic nations. Lectures in English. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

N450 The Golden Age of Dutch Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Rise of the Dutch Republic; impact on technology, shipping, global commerce, and finance. Politics, social developments, religion, ideas, and culture of the Dutch Golden Age. Vermeer, Spinoza, Grotius, and other artists and writers. Special attention to Rembrandt, and to what can be learned about his times from his work. II Sem.

V406 Literature and Society since 1945 (3 cr.) A & H, CSB Major public concerns as reflected in German literature since World War II. Literary art in its cultural and political context. Taught in English. Credit in German requires substantial course work in German and prior approval by the director of undergraduate studies.

Y300 Topics in Yiddish Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected topics focusing on Yiddish fiction and drama (1810-1914) or twentieth-century Yiddish fiction, drama, and poetry. Taught in English. No prior knowledge of Yiddish required. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours. Credit given for either Y300, CMLT C300, or CMLT C377 per semester.

Y350 Topics in Yiddish Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected topics on history of Ashkenazic Jews; Old Yiddish and premodern Yiddish folklore and popular culture; history and sociology of Yiddish; modern Yiddish culture; and centers of modern Yiddish culture. Taught in English. No prior knowledge of Yiddish required. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours. Credit given for either Y350, CMLT C350, or CMLT C378 per semester.

History and Philosophy of Science

X100 Human Perspectives on Science (3 cr.) A & H Selected issues in the history and philosophy of science. Individual sections will vary in content and major themes, but all will employ case studies to examine the philosophical, cultural, institutional, and social impact of science on our lives. Departmental flyers, available at registration time, will describe each section in detail. May be repeated once for credit with different topic.

X207 The Occult in Western Civilization (3 cr.) A & H Critical and historical evaluation of a wide range of occult topics: superstitions, magic, witchcraft, astrology, the Cabala, psychic phenomena (mesmerism, spiritualism, ESP), and UFOs.

X220 Issues in Science: Humanistic (3 cr.) A & H General topics and themes in the history and philosophy of science. Departmental flyers, available at registration time, will describe each section in detail. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

X308 History of Biology (3 cr.) A & H P: Two college-level courses in the life sciences. Survey of the important concepts in biology from antiquity to the mid-twentieth century. Emphasis will be on changes in evolution theory and concepts of development and inheritance. Credit not given for both X408 and X308.

X320 Topics in Science: Humanistic (3 cr.) A & H Specialized topics and themes in the history and philosophy of science. Departmental flyers, available at registration time, will discuss each section in detail. May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 9 credit hours.

X338 Science and Religion (3 cr.) A & H Examines the relationship between science and religion in terms of its areas of inquiry, social institutions, and historical phenomena. Topics will include Mesopotamian astronomy and astrology, science and the Church in the Middle Ages, Galileo and the Church, Christianity and the Newtonian worldview, the Darwinian Revolution and creationism, and the impact of contemporary physics on theology.

X390 Space, Time, and Relativity (3 cr.) A & H Topics in the philosophy of space, time, and spacetime. Theory of motion and Zeno's paradoxes; St. Augustine on time; time and becoming; relational versus absolute theories of space and time; Mach's principle; introduction to Einstein's theory of relativity and space-time.

X391 Philosophical Issues in Quantum Theory (3 cr.) A & H An examination of philosophical problems and challenges raised by quantum theory. Topics include Heisenberg uncertainty relations, non-locality and EPR paradox, hidden variables, interpretations of quantum theory. No previous knowledge of quantum theory is assumed.

X394 Structure and Methods of the Life Sciences (3 cr.) A & H Examination of selected fundamental questions concerning the structure and methods of biology and psychology. Topics include the structure of theories and testing in the life sciences; teleology; fitness and levels of selection; the logic of classification; historical explanations in science; emergence and holism.

X451 Scientific Understanding (3 cr.) A & H P: Junior standing or consent of instructor. R: one course in philosophy or philosophy of science. Science claims to tell us what the world is like, even the part of the world we cannot see, and to explain why things happen the way they do. But these claims are controversial. This course examines competing models of scientific explanation and the ongoing debate over whether scientific theories should or even can be interpreted realistically.

X452 Modern Philosophy of Science (3 cr.) A & H P: Junior standing or consent of instructor. R: one course in philosophy or philosophy of science. Examines the origin and character of twentieth-century philosophy of science by investigating the historical development-in interaction with parallel developments within the sciences themselves-from 1800 to the early twentieth century. Hermann von Helmholtz, Ernst Mach, Henri Poincare, Moritz Schlick, and Rudolf Carnap.

X456 Philosophy of Science in Antiquity (3 cr.) A & H Historical survey of philosophical discussions of the nature of science, to include figures such as Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus, Augustine, and Aquinas. Covers a period from the ancient Greeks to the Middle Ages; may cover a longer or shorter period.

X493 Structure and Methods of the Life Sciences (3 cr.) A & H Addresses fundamental questions such as: What are the differences between the life sciences and the physio-chemical sciences? Is reduction possible in the life sciences, and what does it mean? What is the best way to analyze theory structure in the life sciences? How successful has the genomic approach been in the life sciences, in reducing explanation to a molecular level? What does it mean to say that explanation is necessary at a variety of levels of the organization of life?

India Studies

I300 Passage to India: Emperors, Gurus, and Gods (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Critical survey of the development of the major periods of Indian civilization(s), including Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Islamic, and Sikh historical periods as well as the emergence of India as a modern nation-state, together with an introduction to the art, music, literature, drama, philosophy, religion, and social reality of the subcontinent.

I347 Meditation Traditions of India (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey and analysis of the practice of meditation in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain traditions of India. Focus on the philosophical and structural basis of meditation and the relation of meditation to the monastic traditions of India. The role of the holy person and the importance of the guru-student relationship.

I368 Philosophies of India (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Historical and critical-analytic survey of the major intellectual traditions of the cultures and civilizations of India. Attention to early philosophizing and the emergence of the classical schools in Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain traditions. Attention also to contemporary thought in India, including critical theory and subaltern theorizing. Credit given for only one of INST I368, PHIL P328, or REL R368.

I370 Literature of India in Translation: Ancient and Classical (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of the ancient and classical Sanskrit literature of India in translation, presented in cultural context.

I371 Medieval Devotional Literatures of India (in translation) (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of medieval Indian devotional literatures with reference to the various cultural milieus in which they were produced and their impact on and importance for contemporary Indian cultures.

I380 Women in South Asian Religious Traditions (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A historical view of the officially sanctioned roles for women in several religious traditions in South Asia, and women's efforts to become agents and participants in the religious expressions of their own lives.

International Studies Program

I201 Culture and the Arts: International Perspectives (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to the theoretical concepts of the arts and the role of the arts in the formation and transformation of identity. This core course examines the various mechanisms, sites, and institutions through which the arts and culture are disseminated globally.

I207 Rituals and Beliefs: International Perspectives (3 cr.) A & H Exposes students to a wide range of rituals in politics and popular culture throughout the world while exploring some of the most prominent comparative theories about the nature and function of ritual. Among other things, the course aims to examine how rituals enable practitioners to represent a set of beliefs in visible, often dramatic performance.

Jewish Studies

C240 Contemporary Israeli Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Through literature and other media (essay, film, music), this course examines a number of Israeli cultural, social, and political phenomena: the Holocaust in the Israeli imagination, Labor and the Israeli body, Jewish ethnicity, the Israeli Arab, and the creation of new national holidays. Students develop methods of "reading" these artifacts of Israeli culture with the help of approaches from the fields of literary and cultural studies.

C340 The Kibbutz in Fact and Fiction (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of the representation of kibbutz ideology and community in Hebrew fiction and anthropological and sociological studies. Compares early representations of the kibbutz with its recent transformations to acquaint students with the impact of this unique social system in Israeli society and culture.

H375 Introductory Readings in Hebrew Literature (in Hebrew) (3 cr.) A & H P: Grade of C or higher in H350 or equivalent proficiency. Reading, in the original Hebrew, of selected poetry and prose from among the chief writers of modern Hebrew literature. Emphasis on familiarization with the diverse styles, forms, and themes of modern Hebrew literature. Discussion and analysis in Hebrew.

J203 Arts and Humanities Topics in Jewish Studies (3 cr.) A & H Selected arts and humanities topics and issues in Jewish studies. May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 9 credit hours.

J303 Arts and Humanities Topics in Jewish Studies (3 cr.) A & H Selected arts and humanities topics and issues in Jewish studies. May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 9 credit hours.

J403 Arts and Humanities Topics in Jewish Studies (3 cr.) A & H Selected arts and humanities topics and issues in Jewish studies. May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 9 credit hours.

L380 Modern Hebrew Literature in English (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Nineteenth- and twentieth-century fiction, poetry, essays, under such headings as assimilation (ideal or aberration?); ghetto and world; secularism versus tradition; ethnicity, land, and universalism; nation, religion, state; utopias and revolutions; nostalgia, self-hate, rejuvenation; portrayal of anti-Semitism in literature. No knowledge of Hebrew necessary. Readings and lectures in English.

L385 Recent Hebrew Literature in English (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Fiction, poetry, and essays, with relevance to contemporary issues, such as the past (burden or asset?); the meeting of Europe and Near East; the kibbutz; ideal and reality; Jews, Arabs, Canaanites; diaspora and center; the personal and the collective; inwardness or realism; wars, holocausts, peace. No knowledge of Hebrew necessary. Readings and lectures in English.

L390 Biblical Themes in Modern Hebrew Literature (3 cr.) A & H An examination of how modern Hebrew literature, read in English translation, has perceived and reinterpreted narratives of the Hebrew Bible. Among the issues to be examined are the contemporary individual, social, and historical factors contributing to the process of "rewriting" the Bible in the image of our times. No knowledge of Hebrew necessary. Readings and lectures in English.

L395 S. Y. Agnon and the Jewish Experience (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Intensive study of the fictional work (in English translation) of S. Y. Agnon. Among the themes explored are religion and secularism; tradition versus modernity and change; love, marriage, and divorce; nostalgia for the past and life in the present; Israel and the diaspora. No knowledge of Hebrew necessary. Readings and lectures in English.

Latin American and Caribbean Studies

L420 New Latin American Cinema (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of Latin American film from the 1950s to the present. Taught in English, this course is interdisciplinary and cross-cultural and emphasizes the socioeconomic and political issues that gave rise to a specific movement.

Linguistics

L114 Language and Religion (3 cr.) A & H, TFR Hinduism, Buddhism, Shinto, Islam, Christianity, and other religions exhibit diverse attitudes toward language, specific linguistic practices, and styles of religious speech (singing, chanting). Discover how religions deal with the loss of intelligibility over time of their sacred texts (Bible, Koran, Sutras) and find out why translation into a modern language cannot completely solve the problem. Field trips to religious events.

Medieval Studies

M200 Medieval Cultures (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to medieval cultures and life. May be repeated once with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

Music

A393 (MUS M393/Z393) History of Jazz (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Periods, major performers and composers, trends, influences, stylistic features, and related materials. Credit not given for both A393 and M393.

A394 (MUS M394) Black Music in America (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of black music from its African origin to the present with special emphasis on its social, economic, and political implications. Credit not given for both A394 and M394.

A395 (MUS M395/Z395) Contemporary Jazz and Soul Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: Consent of instructor. A survey of contemporary jazz and soul (rhythm and blues) music and musicians in the United States. Credit not given for both A395 and M395.

T151-T152-T251-T252-T351 Theory and Literature I-II-III-IV-V (3-3-3-3-3 cr.); M401-M402 History and Literature of Music I-II (4-4 cr.). 3 additional credit hours elected from 300- or 400-level courses in music theory or history (T3**, T4**, M3**, or M4**).

T410 Topics in Music Theory (3 cr.) A & H

T418 Music and Ideas (3 cr.) A & H

Z101 Music for the Listener I (3 cr.) A & H

Z103 Special Topics in Music for Nonmajors (3 cr.) A & H

Z111 Introduction to Music I (3 cr.) A & H

Z201 History of Rock and Roll Music (3 cr.) A & H

Z202 History of Rock and Roll Music II (3 cr.) A & H

Z301 Rock Music in the 70's and 80's (3 cr.) A & H

Z320 Special Topics in Popular Music (3 cr.) A & H

Z373 American Musical: Context and Development (3 cr.) A & H

Z385 History of the Blues (3 cr.) A & H

Z393 (M393, AAAD A393) History of Jazz (3 cr.) A & H, CSA

Z395 (M395, AAAD A395) Contemporary Jazz and Soul Music (3 cr.) A & H, CSA

Z401 The Music of the Beatles (3 cr.) A & H

Z402 Music of Frank Zappa (3 cr.) A & H

Z403 The Music of Jimi Hendrix (3 cr.) A & H

Z413 Latin American Popular Music (3 cr.) A & H

Z415 Connections: Music, Art, Literature (3 cr.) A & H

Near Eastern Languages and Cultures

N205 Topics in Near Eastern Culture and Literature (3 cr.) A & H Selected works of Near Eastern literature in relation to a single cultural problem or theme; for example, "Turning Point in the Religion of Israel"; or "History of the Modern Middle East." Topics will vary from semester to semester. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

N365 Islamic Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H This course introduces the chief philosophers, schools, and issues of Islamic philosophy. Issues discussed include the relationship between religion and philosophy, philosophy and society; the essence/existence and necessary/contingent distinctions; basis of rational knowledge; relationship between mysticism and philosophy.

N370 Koranic Studies (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The Koran in its historical role as the Islamic revelation. Its formation and compilation, the structural and stylistic characteristics of the text, and its role and function in Islam. The different schools of interpretation throughout history, and comparative studies between the Koran and the Judeo-Christian scriptures.

N380 Topics in Persian Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Study and analysis of selected readings from Persian literature in English translation. May concentrate on a particular theme, period, or author. Special attention paid to the historical and cultural contexts of the works, as well as problems in translation, critical analysis, and interpretation. May be repeated once for credit with different topics.

N385 Persian Mystical Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Examines the Persian literature of Islamic mysticism in English translation. Following an introduction to the history and doctrines of Sufism, the class will turn to detailed readings and discussions of works in several prose and poetic genres: hagiographic biography, allegorical epic, mystical lyric, and gnostic meditation.

P365 Introduction to Persian Literature in Translation (3 cr.) A & H Intended to provide coverage of the development of Persian literature from its earliest stages in the tenth century A.D. to the present. Although the course covers a broad period of about 1,000 years, it does so in a general way, and seeks to provide background information for students who may have an interest in Persian literature

Philosophy

P100 Introduction to Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H Perennial problems of philosophy, including problems in ethics in epistemology and metaphysics, and in philosophy of religion. Major emphases for each section appear in the online Schedule of Classes. I Sem., II Sem., SS.

P103 Gender, Sexuality, and Race in Philosophical Perspectives (3 cr.) A & H New issues and emphases in philosophy arising out of a focus on gender, sexuality, and race. One basic issue is the nature of a person and definitions of "human being." Another issue is the assumptions underlying current discussions in personal identity, feminism, race relations, and ethics.

P105 Thinking and Reasoning (3 cr.) A & H Basic rules of correct reasoning; roles of definitions and of language in thinking; roles of observation, hypothesis, and theory in knowledge; basic techniques for gathering information, testing beliefs for truth, and problem solving.

P135 Introduction to Existentialism (3 cr.) A & H, TFR Philosophical themes in nineteenth- and twentieth-century existentialism. Topics may include free choice and human responsibility, the nature of values, the influence of phenomenology on existentialism, and existentialism as illustrated in literature. Readings from some or all of Buber, Camus, Heidegger, Husserl, Jaspers, Kierkegaard, Marcel, Nietzsche, Beauvoir, and Sartre. No prior knowledge of philosophy is presupposed.

P140 Introduction to Ethics (3 cr.) A & H Philosophers' answers to ethical problems (e.g., the nature of good and evil, the relation of duty to self-interest, the objectivity of moral judgments), and the applications of ethical theory to contemporary problems.

P145 Introduction to Social and Political Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H Fundamental problems of social and political philosophy: the nature of the state, political obligation, freedom and liberty, equality, justice, rights, social change, revolution, and community. Readings from classical and contemporary sources.

P150 Elementary Logic (3 cr.) A & H Development of critical tools for the evaluation of arguments. Not a prerequisite for P250. Not open to students who have taken or are enrolled in P250. I Sem., II Sem., SS.

P201 Ancient Greek Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H, CSA R: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Selective survey of ancient Greek philosophy (pre-Socratics, Plato, Aristotle). I Sem.

P205 Modern Jewish Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey and critical analysis of modern Jewish philosophers and thinkers such as Mendelssohn, Cohen, Rosenzweig, Buber, and Fackenheim. Topics: concepts of God; the nature of religion; autonomy and revealed morality; God and history; theodicy and the Holocaust; empiricists and analytic criticism of divine human encounter; Jewish philosophy and modern philosophy.

P211 Modern Philosophy: Descartes through Kant (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Selective survey of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century philosophy, including some or all of the following: Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Kant.

P240 Business and Morality (3 cr.) A & H Fundamental issues of moral philosophy in a business context. Application of moral theory to issues such as the ethics of investment, moral assessment of corporations, and duties of vocation.

P242 Applied Ethics (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Application of moral theory to a variety of personal, social, and political contexts, such as world hunger, nuclear weapons, social justice, life-and-death decisions, and problems in medical ethics.

P246 Introduction to Philosophy and Art (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to the philosophical study of art and the relationship between art and philosophy. Topics include the nature of a work of art, the role of emotions in art, the interpretation and appreciation of art, and the way philosophy is expressed in art.

P270 Introductory Topics in Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H Topics vary. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

P301 Medieval Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. A selective survey of Western philosophy from the turn of the Christian era to the end of the Middle Ages. Readings from some or all of Augustine, Boethius, Anselm, Abelard, Bonaventure, Aquinas, Duns Scotus, and Ockham.

P304 Nineteenth-Century Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Selective survey of post-Kantian philosophy. Readings from some or all of Hegel, Marx, Kierkegaard, Mill, and Nietzsche.

P305 Topics in the Philosophy of Judaism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Comparative analysis of two or more Jewish philosophers; or selected topics in the philosophical treatment of contemporary Jewish experience; or topics in the history of Jewish philosophy. May be repeated once with different topic.

P310 Topics in Metaphysics (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Topics such as existence, individuation, contingency, universals and particulars, causality, determinism, space, time, events and change, relation of mental and physical.

P312 Topics in the Theory of Knowledge (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Topics such as various theories of perceptual realism, sense-datum theories, theories of appearing, phenomenalism, the nature of knowledge, the relation between knowledge and belief, relation between knowledge and evidence, and the problem of skepticism.

P319 American Pragmatism (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Examination of the central doctrines of Peirce, James, Dewey, Mead.

P320 Philosophy and Language (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. A study of selected philosophical problems concerning language and their bearing on traditional problems in philosophy.

P328 Philosophies of India (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Historical and critical-analytic survey of the major traditions of Indian philosophy. Attention to early philosophizing and the emergence of the classical schools in Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain traditions. Attention also to contemporary thought in India including critical theory and subaltern theorizing. Credit not given for both PHIL P328 and REL R368.

P330 Marxist Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. An examination of major philosophical issues in the light of Marxist theory. Historical materialism and the critique of idealism in metaphysics, the theory of knowledge, ethics, and social science. Discussion of both classical and contemporary sources.

P332 Feminism and Value (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours in philosophy. Selected topics from recent feminist philosophy, including the reassessment of classical philosophical texts, the construction of gender, perspectives on the good life, and the relation of private and public spheres.

P335 Phenomenology and Existentialism (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Selective survey of central themes in nineteenth- and twentieth-century phenomenology and existentialism. Readings from some or all of Buber, Camus, Heidegger, Husserl, Jaspers, Kierkegaard, Marcel, Nietzsche, Beauvoir, and Sartre.

P340 Classics in Ethics (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Readings from Plato and Aristotle to Kant, Mill, and Nietzsche. Topics include virtue and human nature, pleasure and the good, the role of reason in ethics, the objectivity of moral principles, and the relation of religion to ethics.

P342 Problems of Ethics (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. May concentrate on a single large problem (e.g., whether utilitarianism is an adequate ethical theory), or several more or less independent problems (e.g., the nature of goodness, the relation of good to ought, the objectivity of moral judgments).

P343 Classics in Social and Political Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Readings from Plato and Aristotle to Hobbes, Locke, Hegel, and Marx. Topics include the ideal state, the nature and proper ends of the state, natural law and natural right, social contract theory, and the notion of community.

P345 Problems in Social and Political Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Problems of contemporary relevance: civil disobedience, participatory democracy, conscience and authority, law and morality.

P346 Classics in Philosophy of Art (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Readings from Plato and Aristotle to Nietzsche and Dewey. Topics include the definition of art, the nature of beauty, and art and society.

P347 Contemporary Controversies in Philosophy of Art (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours in philosophy. Topics include the intersection of art, art criticism, philosophy, modernism and post-modernism, and the relation of aesthetic and cognitive judgment.

P352 Logic and Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: P150 or P250 or equivalent course. Relation of logic to other areas of philosophy. Selected topics from among the following: logic and ontology; logic and language; logic, reasoning, and belief; intentionality and intensional logic; tense and modal logic and the nature of time and necessity; individuation and reference; relative vs. absolute identity.

P360 Introduction to Philosophy of Mind (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Selected topics from among the following: the nature of mental phenomena (e.g., thinking, volition, perception, emotion); the mind-body problem (e.g., dualism, behaviorism, functionalism); connections to cognitive science issues in psychology, linguistics, and artificial intelligence; computational theories of mind.

P366 Philosophy of Action (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. The nature of human and rational action: the structure of intentions and practical consciousness; the role of the self in action; volitions; the connections of desires, needs, and purposes to intentions and doings; causation and motivation; freedom; the structure of deliberation; rational actions and duties, whether moral or institutional.

P370 Topics in Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. A survey of selected topics or figures in an area of philosophy (areas vary). May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

P371 Philosophy of Religion (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Topics such as the nature of religion, religious experience, the status of claims of religious knowledge, the nature and existence of God.

P374 Early Chinese Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Origins of Chinese philosophical traditions in the classical schools of Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, and Legalism. Explores contrasting agendas of early Chinese and Western traditions. Credit not given for both PHIL P374 and EALC E374.

P375 Philosophy of Law (3 cr.) A & H P: 3 credit hours of philosophy. Selective survey of philosophical problems concerning law and the legal system. Topics include nature and validity of law, morality and law, legal obligation, judicial decision, rights, justice, responsibility, and punishment.

P401 History of Philosophy: Special Topics (3 cr.) A & H P: 6 credit hours of philosophy or consent of instructor. Special topics, such as developing views on one or more of the following subjects: substance, nature, essence, dialectics. May be repeated once with a different topic.

P470 Special Topics in Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: 6 credit hours of philosophy. Advanced study of a topic (or cluster of related topics) in an area of philosophy. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

Political Science

Y105 Introduction to Political Theory (3 cr.) A & H Perennial problems of political philosophy, including relationships between rulers and ruled, nature of authority, social conflict, character of political knowledge, and objectives of political action. Credit not given for both Y105 and Y215. I Sem., II Sem.

Y212 Making Democracy Work (3 cr.) A & H Nature and justifications for democratic politics and the problems confronting democracy today. Demise of liberalism in America; rise of identity politics and its significance; racial inequality and the problems of deliberative democracy; problems of political alienation and participation.

Y281 Modern Political Ideologies (3 cr.) A & H Assesses leading political ideologies of the past two centuries, e.g. conservatism, liberalism, socialism, communism, fascism, feminism, environmentalism, anarchism, populism, and various forms of religious fundamentalism. Analyzes those ideologies as forms of thought and as motivators of political agency and organization that have shaped the contours of the modern political world.

Y379 Ethics and Public Policy (3 cr.) A & H Examines questions at the intersection of ethics and public policy. What morally problematic means are justified in pursuing political ends? What should be the ends of public policy? What are the moral responsibilities of public officials when they try to answer the first two questions? Uses ethical theory to examine concrete cases in public policy and concrete cases to test the adequacy theory.

Y381 Classical Political Thought (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An exposition and critical analysis of the major political philosophers and philosophical schools from Plato to Machiavelli.

Y382 Modern Political Thought (3 cr.) A & H, CSB An exposition and critical analysis of the major political philosophers and philosophical schools from Machiavelli to the present.

Y383 Foundations of American Political Thought (3 cr.) A & H Explores the evolution of American political ideas from colonization through ratification of the Constitution and its implementation.

Y384 Developments in American Political Thought (3 cr.) A & H Explores the evolution of American political ideas under the Constitution of the United States, and its promises and problems.

Y386 African American Political Thought (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Focuses on the various ideologies and strategies informing the African American political struggles in the United States. Readings focus on thinkers and activists from the rebellion against slavery to the contemporary debates about institutional racism and reparations. Features work by African American thinkers associated with a broad range of movements.

Y388 Marxist Theory (3 cr.) A & H Origin, content, and development of Marxist system of thought, with particular reference to philosophical and political aspects of Russian Marxism.

Y406 Problems in Political Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H Centers on conflicting interpretations of justice, liberty, and equality, as well as certain problems of democracy, including the tension between majority rules and minority rights, and the correlation of rights and duties. Topics vary. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

Religious Studies

R102 Religion and Popular Culture (3 cr.) A & H Exploration of select examples of the ways religion and popular culture interact. Study of ordinary people making sense of their worlds through diverse media (e.g., novels, diaries, popular music, vernacular art and architecture, radio, film, television). May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

R152 Religions of the West (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Patterns of religious life and thought in the West: continuities, changes, and contemporary issues.

R153 Religions of the East (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Modes of thinking; views of the world and the sacred; the human predicament and paths to freedom; human ideas and value systems in the religions of India, China, and Japan.

R160 Religion and American Culture (3 cr.) A & H Varieties of religious life and culture in America. May be repeated once with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

R170 Religion, Ethics, and Public Life (3 cr.) A & H Western religious convictions and their consequences for judgments about personal and social morality, including such issues as sexual morality, medical ethics, questions of socioeconomic organization, and moral judgments about warfare.

R180 Introduction to Christianity (3 cr.) A & H Survey of beliefs, rituals, and practices of the Christian community, with a focus on the varieties of scriptural interpretation, historical experience, doctrine, and behavior.

R201 Honors Proseminar in Religion (3 cr.) A & H P: Freshmen and sophomores who may want to enter an honors program or consent of instructor. Selected issues in the study of religion. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R202 Topics in Religious Studies (3 cr.) A & H Selected topics, issues, and movements in religion. May be repeated once with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

R203 Zen Buddhism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to Zen Buddhism in medieval East Asia and the modern world. Focuses on defining moments for important issues in religious practice, theoretical understanding, and cultural modeling. Readings include excerpts from Zen texts and scholarly analyses. Video clips used.

R210 Introduction to the Old Testament/ Hebrew Bible (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Development of its beliefs, practices, and institutions from the patriarchs to the Maccabean period. Introduction to the biblical literature and other ancient Near East documents.

R220 Introduction to the New Testament (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Origins of the Christian movement and development of its beliefs, practices, and institutions in the first century. Primary source is the New Testament, with due attention to non-Christian sources from the same environment.

R222 Star Trek and Religion (3 cr.) A & H, TFR Introduction to the critical study of religion. Trek episodes are used to examine religion from two viewpoints: those who argued its rejection and those who argue that it can be re-invented.

R236 Religion, Ecology and the Self (3 cr.) A & H Deep Ecology seeks fundamental transformations in views of world and self. It claims that there is no ontological divide in the forms of life, and aims for an environmentally sustainable and spiritually rich way of life. This course is an introductory examination of Deep Ecology from a religious studies perspective.

R245 Introduction to Judaism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The development of post-biblical Judaism; major themes, movements, practices, and values.

R250 Introduction to Buddhism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA, TFR Introduction to the basic beliefs and practices of Buddhism from its beginnings to the present. Special attention to the life and teachings of the founder, significant developments in India, and the diffusion of the tradition to East Asia, Central Asia, and the West.

R257 Introduction to Islam (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to the "religious world" of Islam: the Arabian milieu before Muhammad's prophetic call, the career of the Prophet. Qur'an and hadith, ritual and the "pillars" of Muslim praxis, legal and theological traditions; mysticism and devotional piety, reform and revivalist movements.

R264 Introduction to the Study of Religion (3 cr.) A & H Survey of the principal thinkers, theories, and methodologies that have shaped the critical study of religious phenomena. Focal texts include the works of such figures as Durkheim, Weber, Freud, Otto, Eliade, Geertz, W C. Smith, J.Z. Smith, Horton, and Guthrie.

R270 The Living and the Dead (3 cr.) A & H, TFR A comparative inquiry into the relations between the living and the dead in multiple human societies and religions in various historical periods. Problems explored include the nature of religious imagination, the role of stories and rituals and media, the cultural shaping of emotions, and issues of description, interpretation, and explanation.

R271 American Religion and Politics (3 cr.) A & H American religious institutions and public policy. Religious liberty. Religious communities as political forces on selected issues, e.g., war, poverty, racism.

R280 Speaking of God (3 cr.) A & H Theology, as the study of the first principle, ground of being, the good, the One, etc., as appearing in various traditions.

R300 Studies in Religion (3 cr.) A & H Selected topics and movements in religion. May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 12 credit hours.

R307 Messianism and Messiahs in Comparative Perspective (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Examines the messianic phenomenon as central to Judasim, Christianity, and Islam. Focuses on Jewish messianism. Christianity and Islam will be employed to compare and contrast how this idea developed in two competing religions. Studies the history of the idea, its relationship to orthodoxy and heresy, and its political implications.

R310 Prophecy in Ancient Israel (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The prophetic movement and its relationship to religious, social, and political traditions and institutions in the ancient Near East. The thought of major prophetic figures in Israel, such as Hosea, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel.

R311 Narrative in the Hebrew Bible (3 cr.) A & H Analysis of the narratives running from Genesis through 2 Kings, assessing how this literature developed in ancient Israelite culture, its ideological characteristics, and the techniques used by the writers to achieve their ideological purposes.

R317 Judaism in the Making (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Traces the development of Judaism from the end of the biblical period of Judaism to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 C.E., covering the major religious movements, beliefs, practices, and forms that took shape in this formative era.

R320 Jesus and the Gospels (3 cr.) A & H P: R220. Types of traditions about Jesus: their origins, development, and functions in early Christianity, compared with similar forms of traditions in non-Christian movements.

R322 Women and Religion in America (3 cr.) A & H Examines the efforts of women in American religious history to find their voices and assume leadership positions in a variety of religious and ethnic traditions.

R323 Early Christian Monasticism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The origins and development of varieties of the monastic life in ancient and early medieval Christianity; social forms of monastic groups, ascetic practices, types of spirituality.

R325 Paul and His Influence in Early Christianity (3 cr.) A & H Life and thought of Paul, in the context of first-century Christian and non-Christian movements. Developments of radical Paulinism and anti-Paulinism in the second century; their influence on the formation of Christianity.

R327 Christianity, 50-450 (3 cr.) A & H The history and literature of Christianity from its origins to the end of antiquity.

R330 Christianity, 400-1500 (3 cr.) A & H The history and literature of western Christianity during the Middle Ages.

R331 Christianity, 1500-2000 (3 cr.) A & H The history and literature of western Christianity from the Reformation to the present.

R333 Religion and its Critics (3 cr.) A & H Examines major critics of religion, including Spinoza, Hume, Marx, and Freud.

R335 Religion in Early America (3 cr.) A & H Development of religious life and thought in early America, from the beginnings to 1865.

R336 Religion in Modern America (3 cr.) A & H Development of religious life and thought in modern America, from 1865 to the present.

R338 American Catholic History (3 cr.) A & H American Catholic experience from discovery of new world (French and Spanish missions) to the present.

R340 Contemporary Religious Thought (3 cr.) A & H Interpretation of the human condition and destiny in contemporary religious and antireligious thought. Topics can include study of a major figure (e.g., Kierkegaard) or movement (e.g., peace studies). May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R341 Introduction to Jewish Mysticism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: previous course in Judaism or consent of instructor. The development of Jewish mystical practice and thought from the Middle Ages to the present, thirteenth-century Spanish Kabbalah, sixteenth-century Safed, Sabbatianism, Hasidism, contemporary manifestations of mysticism.

R342 Religious Thought in Medieval Judaism (3 cr.) A & H Reinterpretations of biblical-rabbinic Judaism by Jewish intellectuals living under Islam and Christianity.

R345 Religious Issues in Contemporary Judaism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Religious problems confronting Jews and Judaism in our own time: women and Judaism, the impact of the Holocaust on Judaism, contemporary views of Zionism, religious trends in American Judaism. May be repeated with different topics for a maximum of 12 credit hours.

R348 Hindu Goddesses (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to the goddesses in Hindu traditions, including Lakshmi, Saraswati, Sita, Radha, Parvati, Durga, Kali, Ganga, and Sitala. Focus on the mythology, iconography, cultic practices, embodied forms, and theology associated with these goddesses.

R349 Hindu Devotionalism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An exploration of the "bhakti" traditions of medieval and modern Hinduism, with a special focus on the art, mythology, poetry, and theological expressions of traditions associated with the gods Shiva and Vishnu. Includes examination of the architectural forms, images, and rituals of the Hindu temple.

R350 East Asian Buddhism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Adaptation and assimilation of Buddhism in East Asia; early philosophical and ritual schools; social issues; the T'ien-t'ai synthesis of Mahayana Buddhism; devotional Buddhism; Ch'an/Zen school of meditation; impact of Buddhism on East Asian cultures and arts.

R352 Religion and Literature in Asia (3 cr.) A & H The treatment of religious issues in Asian literature (Hinduism in the Epics) or the significance of the literary forms of religious texts (The Genre of Recorded Sayings), showing how the interplay of religious realities and literary forms reveals the dynamics of religious development in India, China, or Japan.

R356 Islamic Mysticism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA An introduction to Sufism which traces the development of Muslim mystical thought and practice from the eighth century to the present. Topics include early Muslim asceticism; the beginnings of love mysticism; sober and ecstatic experience; conceptions of the Sufi "path"; Sufi ethics; Sufi brotherhoods, rituals, and festivals; and mystical fables, allegories, and poetry.

R357 Religions in Japan (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Religious movements in Japan, with emphasis on the development of Shinto, Buddhism, Confucianism, Christianity, and the rise of the "new religions."

R358 Hinduism (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Beliefs, rites, and institutions of Hinduism from the Vedic (c. 1200 B.C.) to modern times: religion of the Vedas and the Upanishads; epics and the rise of devotional religion; philosophical systems (Yoga and Vedanta); sectarian theism; monasticism; socioreligious institutions; popular religion (temples and pilgrimages); modern Hindu syncretism.

R360 Comparative Study of Religious Phenomena (3 cr.) A & H Eastern and Western religions on a selected subject such as time and the sacred, sacrifice, initiation. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R362 Religion in Literature (3 cr.) A & H Theological issues raised in literature. Function of religious myth and central religious themes such as damnation, alienation, pilgrimage, quest, conversion, enlightenment. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R364 Topics in Gender and Western Religions (3 cr.) A & H Specific topics regarding gender in Western religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam; studies of specific historical periods or feminist critiques in theology and ethics. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

R365 Religion and Personality (3 cr.) A & H Different ways of relating psychological concepts and data from personality theory to the study of religion and theology. Topics will include psychoanalytic interpretation, existential psychology, and psychohistorical study of religious leaders. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R367 Shi'ite Islam (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Examinations of the origins of Shi'ism as a religio-political movement within the Muslim community of the late seventh century A.D., and the history of this movement through its early (632-1000), medieval (1000-1500), and modern (1500-present) periods of development.

R369 The Taoist Tradition (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A selective survey of the politico-philosophical, mystical, meditative, alchemical, and liturgical aspects of the Taoist tradition in China from the fourth century B.C. to today. Themes include asceticism and bodily control, social protest, ritual action, hierogamy, and revelation. Alternative models for the study of non-Western religions are also considered.

R371 Religion, Ethics, and the Environment (3 cr.) A & H Exploration of relationships between religious worldviews and environmental ethics. Considers environmental critiques and defenses of monotheistic traditions; selected non-Western traditions, the impact of secular "mythologies," philosophical questions, and lifestyle issues.

R372 Love and Justice (3 cr.) A & H Selected movements or problems in Western religious social ethics, such as Christian theories of the state, natural law, war, and conscience. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R373 Religion, Ethics, and Medicine (3 cr.) A & H Religious ethical traditions and their relation to issues raised by medicine and the life sciences: control of reproduction, experimentation with human subjects, confidentiality, refusal of treatment, allocation of resources, definition of death, euthanasia. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R374 From Christian Ethics to Social Criticism I (3 cr.) A & H Christian ethics from the New Testament through the early modern period. Readings include first and second century authors, patristic fathers, Augustine, Bernard, Abelard, Aquinas, Luther, Calvin, Anabaptists, Vitoria, Locke, among others. First of a two-semester sequence.

R375 From Christian Ethics to Social Criticism II (3 cr.) A & H Christian ethics from the New Testament through the early modern period. Readings include first- and second-century authors, patristic fathers, Augustine, Bernard, Abelard, Aquinas, Luther, Calvin, Anabaptists, Vitoria, Locke, among others. Second of a two-semester sequence.

R376 War and Peace in Western Religion (3 cr.) A & H Ethics of war and peace in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Sources include the Bible, rabbinic teaching, Augustine, Aquinas, Martin Luther King Jr., Reinhold Niebuhr, U.S. Catholic bishops, Islamic Law, and Michael Walzer. Topics include pacifism, just-war doctrine, jihad, religious crusades as these pertain to war, intervention, terrorism, sanctions, war crimes.

R380 Faith, Revelation, and Reason (3 cr.) A & H Modes of religious knowing. Selected problems such as history and revelation, sensibility and belief, concepts of God, and the experience of evil as a problem for faith.

R382 Women in South Asian Religious Traditions (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Historical view of the officially sanctioned roles for women in several religious traditions in South Asia, and women's efforts to become agents and participants in the religious expressions of their own lives.

R410 Topics in Ancient Israelite Religion (3 cr.) A & H P: R210. Selected problems in ancient Israelite religion, such as pre-Yahwistic religion, Israel's cultic life, royal theology and messianism, the wisdom movement, sectarian apocalyptic. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R420 Ancient Mediterranean Religions (3 cr.) A & H The varieties of religious experience and expression in the Hellenistic world studied comparatively, with particular attention to the interactions of Greco-Roman, Jewish, and Christian traditions. Topics include moral teaching, religious themes in narratives, magic, and miracles.

R421 Judaism and Gender: Philosophical and Theological Perspectives (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Studies the development of gender theory and politics in modern Judaism including law, ritual, sexual orientation and theology. Traces gender theory from the nineteenth century to the present focusing on the ways Judaism absorbed feminist critiques and struggled with its own traditional sources.

R425 Gnostic Religion and Literature (3 cr.) A & H The myth, ritual, and beliefs of the ancient Gnostics and related Christian and non-Christian movements of the late Roman empire: classic Gnostic scripture, Valentinus and his followers, the School of St. Thomas, Basilides, and the Corpus Hermeticum; the possibility of Gnosticism in the New Testament.

R427 The Bible and Slavery (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A historical study of slaves and the institution of slavery in the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. Attention will be given both to the biblical texts in their original contexts of the ancient Mediterranean world and to their legacy in the history of interpretation--the nineteenth-century American slave controversy.

R430 Topics in the History of Christianity (3 cr.) A & H Significant figures, issues, and movements in the history of Christianity examined in their social and religious contexts, with attention to their continuing religious and cultural impact. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R432 Religious Diversity in America (3 cr.) A & H P: Junior standing. History, beliefs, and cultural patterns of such movements as Mormonism, Christian Science, Pentecostalism, Jehovah's Witnesses, Quakerism, and the Black Nation of Islam.

R434 Topics in American Religious History (3 cr.) A & H A selected topic such as American Catholicism in the twentieth century, religion and nationalism in America, or the problem of race and the American churches. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R445 Topics in the History of Judaism (3 cr.) A & H P: Course on Judaism or consent of instructor. Special topics such as problems in Jewish mystical tradition, the nature of religious community, charismatic leadership, religious biography. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R450 Topics in the Buddhist Tradition (3 cr.) A & H P: R250, R350, or consent of instructor. Selected topics such as Mahayana Sutra literature, Buddhist cult practice, Indian Buddhist inscriptions, Prajnaparamita thought, or Zen in Korea and Japan. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R452 Topics in East Asian Religions (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: one course in Eastern religions. Examination of a selected theme, movement, or period in the religious history of China, Japan, or Korea. Topics might include interactions of traditions, new religions in Japan, or religious change in Sung China. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R454 Tantric Traditions of India (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Critical survey and analysis of Hindu and Buddhist Tantric ideas and practices in India. Focus on the role of sexuality and gender in Indian mysticism.

R456 Topics in Islamic Studies (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Selected topics on Islamic law, philosophy, theology, and mysticism. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R458 Topics in Hindu Religious Traditions (3 cr.) A & H P: R358. Selected topics such as Upanishadic thought, the Bhagavadgita, Advaita Vedanta, Hindu ethics, monastic traditions, Hindu soteriology. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R462 Topics in Religious Philosophy (3 cr.) A & H P: Junior standing. Selected focus on major movements and problems that provide the theoretical framework for theological reflection. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R465 Topics in Psychology of Religion (3 cr.) A & H P: Junior standing. Selected topics such as fantasy, religious notions of the self, images of authority. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R469 Topics in Taoism and Chinese Religion (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: R369. Selected topics within the Taoist tradition and its relations with the larger Chinese cultural world, such as the writings of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu, the Taoist mystical and meditative traditions, Taoist narrative and/or revealed literature in translation, and Taoist-Buddhist-Confucian interactions in specific historical periods. May be repeated once for credit when topics vary.

R473 Problems in Social Ethics (3 cr.) A & H Intensive study of a selected problem in religion and society such as religion and American politics, war and conscience, medical ethics. May be repeated once for credit with a different topic.

R474 Capstone Seminar in Religion (3 cr.) A & H Comparative and interdisciplinary approaches to the study of religion. Offers students the opportunity to draw together and reconsider their varied interests and questions as these have developed in their studies in the department. Team taught; topics vary.

Slavic Languages and Literatures

C223 Introduction to Czech Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Introduction to history, literature, visual arts, music, film, and theatre of the Czechs.

C363 History of Czech Literature and Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A history of the Czech lands and their art, literature, and music from the ninth through the late nineteenth centuries. Some discussion of Slovak language and literature also included.

C364 Modern Czech Literature and Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of literary, cultural, historical and political developments of the Czech lands from the late nineteenth century through the present. Some discussion of Slovak language and literature and émigré literature also included.

C365 Seminar in Czech and Central European Literatures and Cultures (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Focus on either Czech or Central European literature and culture; intensive study of an author, a period, or a literary or cultural development. Readings and lectures in English. May be repeated for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

P223 Introduction to Polish Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of Polish culture from the origins of the Polish state to modern times. Important historical, political, and social developments and trends as seen through literature, art, science, music, architecture, and political documents. Knowledge of Polish not required.

P363-P364 Survey of Polish Literature and Culture I-II (3-3 cr.) A & H, CSA I: Polish literature in English translation from its origins to the end of the nineteenth century in its historical and sociopolitical context. II: Polish literature in English translation from the end of the nineteenth century to the present in the larger European context. Knowledge of Polish not required. P363, I Sem.; P364, II Sem.

P365 Topics in Polish Literature and Culture (3 cr.) A & H P: P364 or consent of instructor. Discussion of the verbal-visual relationship as presented in Polish literature and in major theoretical works. Knowledge of Polish not required.

R123 Masterworks of Russian Short Fiction (3 cr.) A & H, TFR Masterpieces of Russian short fiction in a variety of literary modes, from the early nineteenth century to the present, with particular attention to Russian writers and works that have influenced the short story worldwide. Authors include Pushkin, Gogol, Turgenev, Chekhov, Babel, and Nabokov.

R223 Introduction to Russian Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of development of Russian culture and thought from medieval Russia to the present, as seen primarily through literature and the arts. No knowledge of Russian is necessary.

R263 Pushkin to Dostoevsky (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The golden age of the Russian novel; its social, cultural, and economic context; the flowering of art and music; the rise of the metropolis in association with poverty, alienation, quest for identity (both national and personal), as reflected in the romantic and realistic works of Pushkin, Gogol, Turgenev, and Dostoevsky. Knowledge of Russian not required.

R264 Tolstoy to Solzhenitsyn (3 cr.) A & H, CSA 1880 to present, a period of profound political, social, and intellectual ferment: the Bolshevik Revolution, Civil War, collectivization, the Stalinist purges, World War II, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the rise of a "new" Russia. Knowledge of Russian not required.

R334 Tolstoy and Dostoevsky (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Two giants of world literature who have shaped not only modern cultural history but philosophy and politics as well. Major works of each author will be read within an international perspective. Knowledge of Russian not required.

R345 Jewish Characters in Russian Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The "Jewish question," the identity and self-identity of Jewish characters from the standpoints of literary analyses, cultural ethnography, folklore and religious studies, and social and political history. Literary works of major nineteenth- and twentieth-century Russian writers provide the primary sources for the discussions.

R349 Myth and Reality: Women in Russian Literature and in Life (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The roles, creations, and status of women in Russian and cross-cultural perspectives; and historical, literary, and social roles of Russian women. Major female characters of classical Russian literature and works of the most substantial Russian women writers will be studied. Special attention will be paid to the current situation in Russian literature and society.

R352 Russian and Soviet Film (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Development of Russian cinematography from 1896 to the present. Characteristic features of Soviet films; the theory and practice of filmmaking in the former Soviet Union; the Soviet and Russian cinema in its relationship to Russian literature and in the larger context of European cinema art. Knowledge of Russian not required. II Sem.

R353 Central European Cinema (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Broad cultural overview of Central European cinema, highlighting major developments of cinema in Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, and the former Republics of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia in the post-Stalin era. Special attention will be given to the individual style and aesthetics of several major film directors.

R405-R406 Readings in Russian Literature I-II (3-3 cr.) A & H P: R302 or equivalent. R: R263, R264. Reading, in the original, of important Russian literary works of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Discussion and analysis of the works. R405, I Sem.; R406, II Sem.

R407-R408 Readings in Russian Culture, History, and Society I-II (3-3 cr.) A & H P: R302 or equivalent. Extensive translation from the original of selected works on Russian history, government, music, folklore, geography, culture. Discussion of both linguistic problems and content. R407, I Sem.; R408, II Sem.

S223 Introduction to Balkan and South Slavic Cultures (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of the cultures of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, and Romania, concentrating on the modern period. Lectures and readings in English.

S363-S364 Literature and Culture of the Southern Slavs I-II (3-3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of the history and cultures of the Croats, Slovenes, Serbs, Macedonians, and Bulgarians from prehistory to the present. Readings and lectures in English. S363, I Sem.; S364, II Sem.

Spanish and Portuguese

C450 Catalan Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: C400 or consent of instructor. Survey of Catalan literature from the Middle Ages to the present. Significant works in all genres will be studied within their historical and cultural context. Issues of nation-formation, hegemony, biculturalism, and marginalizations will be paid special attention.

P400 Literatures of the Portuguese-Speaking World I (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A general overview of the literature in Portuguese. The course emphasizes the unity and diversity of the literature in the major Portuguese-speaking areas of the world: Brazil, Portugal, and Lusophone Africa. Starting with the parallel development of one literature (Portuguese) in distinct geographical areas (the Portuguese colonies), it shows the changes that take place when new nations are created in these areas, and new national literatures become a reality. The course combines lecture and discussion, and is conducted in Portuguese.

P401 Literatures of the Portuguese-Speaking World II (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of the literatures from Brazil, Portugal, and Lusophone Africa. Lectures and discussions of selected works by representative authors of the major literary periods.

P405 Literature and Film in Portuguese (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Survey of literary works and film adaptations from the Lusophone world.

P410 Brazilian Cinema (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of Brazilian cinema from the beginning of the twentieth century to present day. Taught in English.

P412 Brazil: The Cultural Context (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Integrates historical, social, and cultural information about Brazil. Taught in English.

P415 Women Writing in Portuguese (3 cr.) A & H A survey of women's writing from different Portuguese-speaking nations.

P420 Literatures of the Portuguese-Speaking World in Translation (3 cr.) A & H Readings of Brazilian, Portuguese and Lusophone African writers from a comparative perspective. Specific topics may vary in any given semester. Taught in English. Cannot count toward Portuguese major or minor. May be repeated with a different topic for a maximum of 6 credit hours.

P470 Poetry in Portuguese (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Historical survey of poetry in Portuguese. Emphasis on major authors from Brazil, Portugal, and Lusophone Africa.

P475 Theater in Portuguese (3 cr.) A & H, CSA A survey of theater in the Portuguese language from the sixteenth century to the late twentieth century. Particular attention will be given to the social and historical context in which works were produced.

P476 Prose in Portuguese (3 cr.) A & H Survey of prose writers and works from the middle ages to the present.

S220 Chicano and Puerto Rican Literature (3 cr.) A & H, CSA The bicultural reality of the Hispanic people in the U.S. as seen in their literature. Taught in English.

S260 Introduction to Hispanic Film (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Hispanic culture in film. Cinematic techniques used to portray Hispanic culture. Taught in English.

S284 Women in Hispanic Culture (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Images, roles, and themes involving women in Hispanic literature. Taught in English.

S331 The Hispanic World I (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: S310 or S311 or equivalent. Study of Hispanic literature and culture through the analysis and discussion of representative literary works from Spanish America. Includes an introduction to narrative, poetry, and theater. Taught in Spanish. Credit given for only two of the following: S331, S332, S333.

S332 The Hispanic World II (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: S331 or S333. Study of Hispanic literature and culture through the analysis and discussion of representative literary works from Spain. Includes an introduction to narrative, poetry, and theater. Taught in Spanish. Credit given for only two of the following: S331, S332, S333.

S333 The Hispanic World (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: S310 or S311 or equivalent. Study of Hispanic literature and culture through the analysis and discussion of representative literary works from both Spanish America and Spain. Includes an introduction to narrative, poetry, and theater. Taught in Spanish. Credit given for only two of the following: S331, S332, S333. S333 offered SS only.

S407 Survey of Spanish Literature I (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. A historical survey that covers major authors, genres, periods, and movements from the Spanish Middle Ages through the baroque period of the seventeenth century. Readings include prose works, poetry, and drama.

S408 Survey of Spanish Literature II (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. A historical survey of Spanish literature that covers the main current of Spain's literary history in the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries. Readings in prose, poetry, and drama by Larra, Pérez Galdós, Unamuno, Lorca, and other representative writers.

S411 Spain: The Cultural Context (3 cr.) A & H, CSB P: S331 or equivalent. A course to integrate historical, social, political, and cultural information about Spain. II Sem.

S412 Spanish America: The Cultural Context (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: S331 or equivalent. A course that integrates historical, social, political, and cultural information about Spanish America. I Sem.

S413 Hispanic Culture in the United States (3 cr.) A & H, CSA P: S331or equivalent. Integrates historical, racial, political, and cultural information about Hispanics in the United States.

S417 Hispanic Poetry (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. Study of major aspects, movements, or directions of Hispanic poetry from the Middle Ages to the present.

S418 Hispanic Drama (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. Forms, traditions, themes, and periods of Hispanic drama from the Renaissance to the present.

S419 Modern Spanish Prose Fiction (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. Spanish prose fiction from mid-nineteenth-century realism through post-Spanish Civil War narrative innovations.

S420 Modern Spanish-American Prose Fiction (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. Spanish-American prose fiction from late nineteenth-century modernism to the present.

S435 Literatura Chicana y Puertorriqueña (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. Works in Spanish by representative Chicano and Puerto Rican authors of the United States. Cultural values and traditions reflected in both the oral and written literatures.

S450 Don Quixote (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. Detailed analysis of Cervantes' novel. Life and times of the author. Importance of the work to the development of the novel as an art form.

S470 Women and Hispanic Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332 or equivalent. Hispanic woman within her cultural context through literary texts. Topics such as women authors, characters, themes, and feminist criticism.

S471-S472 Spanish-American Literature I-II (3-3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332 or equivalent. Introduction to Spanish-American literature.

S473 Hispanic Literature and Literary Theory (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332 Studies literature as an art form within the Hispanic tradition. Employs critical methodology and textual interpretation and analysis to exemplify theory of each genre.

S474 Hispanic Literature and Society (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332. Writers and their works in social, political, economic, and cultural context. Specific topic to be announced in the online Schedule of Classes.

S479 Mexican Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332 or equivalent. Mexican literature from independence to the present.

S480 Argentine Literature (3 cr.) A & H P: S331-S332 or equivalent. Argentine literature from independence to the present.

Telecommunications

T193 Passport to Cyberia: Making the Virtual Real (3 cr.) A & H, TFR Examines the increasing cyborgization of our lives. Readings and discussions will consider ways in which humans and machines are intertwined and interdependent and how these phenomena have a profound effect on our culture.

T206 Introduction to Design and Production (3 cr.) A & H Provides a conceptual framework for writing, designing, and evaluating a variety of media products. This is not a hands-on production course but does offer an overview of the production process. Topics include scriptwriting, production design, visualization, composition, editing styles, and others. This course is a prerequisite for advanced-level courses in the design/production area.

T416 Program Analysis and Criticism (3 cr.) A & H P: T205 or T206 with a grade of C- or higher, or consent of instructor. Critical analysis of the form, production, and performance elements of program genres including drama, comedy, talk, and game shows, documentaries, news, and emerging or experimental types of mass media content. Explores the relationships between programming, the media industries, and American culture.

Theatre and Drama

T100 Introduction to Theatre (4 cr.) A & H Overview of theories, methodology, and skills. Emphasis on theatre as a composite art. Relationship of various components: play, playwright, actor, director, designer, audience, critic, and physical theatre.

T115 Oral Interpretation I (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to theories, methodology, and skills; oral and visual presentation of literature for audiences.

T120 Acting I: Fundamentals of Acting (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to theories, methodology, and skills: movement, voice, observation, concentration, imagination. Emphasis on improvisational exercises and basic scene study. Lecture and laboratory. Credit given for only one of T120 or T121.

T121 Acting I for Majors (3 cr.) A & H P: Major in theatre and drama or departmental approval. Accelerated performance course for majors focusing on the foundation skills of acting including movement, voice and diction, observation, concentration, imagination with emphasis on improvisational exercises, and playing an action leading to scene study. Credit given for only one of T120 or T121.

T210 Appreciation of Theatre (3 cr.) A & H Introduction to the art and history of theatre through a study of major dramatic genres, theatrical elements and techniques, and current productions. No credit given for theatre and drama major concentration.

T370-T371 History of Western Theatre and Drama I-II (3-3 cr.) T370, A & H, CSA; T371, A & H, CSB Development of theatre and drama in Western world from beginnings to present. Study of theatre arts and culture institutions; focus on historical context for plays and performances; emphasis on research methods in theatre history. I: Beginnings to ca. 1700; II: ca. 1700 to present.

T460-T461-T462 Development of Dramatic Art I-II-III (3-3-3 cr.) T460, A & H, CSA; T461-T462, A & H, CSB Dramatic art in the Western world from beginnings to the present. Study of dramatic genres, plays in productions, and theatrical approaches to plays of the past. I: Classical to Early Renaissance Drama; II: Late Renaissance to Modern Drama; III: Modern and Contemporary Drama.

T468 Non-Western Theatre and Drama (3 cr.) A & H, CSA Dramatic literature and theatre in one or more of the following areas: China, Japan, Korea, India, or southeast Asia.

West European Studies

W406 Special Topics in West European Studies (3 cr.) A & H, CSB approved topics only. Selected ideas, trends, and problems in contemporary Western Europe from the perspective of arts and humanities. Specific topics will be announced each semester. May be repeated for up to 12 credit hours with different topics. I Sem., II Sem., SS.

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